2 - IDEOLearn Models Flashcards
(41 cards)
Who are your users?
People who directly interact with product/app to accomplish task.
AND:
- managers of direct users
- people who receive products from system
- those that maintain the system
- those who make purchasing decisions
- competitors
List the 3 impacted groups:
- Direct users - frequent hands-on users
- Infrequent users - those who interact occasionally
- Other relevant groups - affect/affected by introduction of the system
What are the user factors that affect development process?
Age - reduce # of tasks, simplify interface
Disabilities - larger buttons, sound cues
Gender - spatial vs. temporal relations
Culture - icons, color can mean different things
Experience (3 types):
novices - highly visible tasks, tutorials, restricted set of tasks
intermediate - reminders + tips, interface shows advanced tasks
experts - shortcut visible functions, optimize efficiency, customizable interface
What is a requirement in this context, and what are the 5 primary types?
- A statement about a product that specifies what it should do/how it should perform
- Functional - what the product should do (should give users access to cash if they give debit card)
- Data - kinds of data that needs to be stored (system needs access to client records from bank)
- Environmental/context of use - circumstances which the product will be expected to operate
- User characteristics - what are the requirements imposed by the user group?
- Usability - what’s required to make the system usable?
How do you get requirements?
You must investigate, one technique is to simply talk to people
What are the 4 categories of the IDEO method cards?
Look, Ask, Learn, Try
Describe the “Fly On The Wall” technique for Look
Observe and record behaviour w/in context without interfering.
Useful to see what people actually do within real contexts (better than stating what happened after the fact)
- People may be embarrassed by workarounds
Describe the “Rapid Ethnography” technique for Look
Spend as much time with people relevant to the design topic, establish trust to see their natural habitat and see their specific activities
Way to get a firsthand understanding of habits/rituals/natural language
- For example, how roommates do things, swiffer example of people cleaning with towel
Describe the “Time-Lapse Video” technique for Look
Set up a time-lapse camera to record movements over an extended period of time
Useful for providing objective, longtitudal view of activity w/in a context
Describe the “Behavioral Archaelogy” technique for Look
Look for evidence of people activities inherent in the placement/wear patterns/organization
Reveals how artifacts figure in people’s lives
- Shows what people actually do, e.g. desire paths, microwave buttons
What’s the difference between Ask and Look?
Look:
- Great for understanding environments, context, process, but doesn’t show the WHY
Describe the “Foreign Correspondents” technique for Ask (ask phase)
Request input from coworkers/contacts in other countries to get a cross-cultural study
Good way to illustrate different cultural/environmental contexts of the product
e.g. Japanese vs American online shopping
Describe the “Surveys and Questionnaires” technique for Look (ask phase)
Ask targeted questions to get characteristics and perceptions of users
Quick way to elicit answers from many people
Describe the details of a questionnaire
- Series of questions designed to elicit specific information
- Good for answering specific questions from a large, dispersed group of people
- Can be open/closed mix of questions, can be quantitative and qualitative
- should be tested on a few people before getting target population to complete it
What are the considerations for a questionnaire?
Conciseness - questions should be clear and specific
Closed questions - ask closed questions and offer a range of answer (when possible)
Alternate option - consider adding a “no opinion” option for some questions needing an opinion
Order - think about order of questions (general questions should precede specific ones)
Instructions - provide clear instructions on how to complete the questionnaire
Describe the details of an interview
- “A conversation with a purpose”
- can be structured, semi-structured, open-ended
- for group interviews, the interviewer acts as a facilitator
Described the 3 types of interviews
Unstructured:
exploratory - find out what’s important
Structured:
clear agenda, often consists of closed questions, good for generalizing across people
Semi-structured:
an agenda, but still fairly explorative
What are some things to consider to develop good interviewing technique?
avoid leading questions, stay neutral in body language and acknowledgments, avoid jargon, match participant’s terminology, avoid compound questions, and don’t interrupt.
Describe the “Camera Journal” technique for Ask (log phase)
Ask potential users to keep a written a visual diary of impressions, circumstances, and activities related to product
Useful for prompting users to reveals points of view and behaviour patterns
Describe the “Diary Study” technique for Ask (log phase)
Log activity and what’s going on
People write while reading
Describe the “Mental model” technique for Ask (indrect phase)
Explain the thought process of understanding/how something works
Doesn’t necessarily reflect internal system
e.g. I turn the dial to warm up home because I’m cold, don’t care how it works internally
Describe the “Experience Sampling” technique for Ask (log phase)
Have users carry around a device that has them answer questions at given intervals
e.g. page user every 3 hours about a short survey on their tiredness levels
Describe the “Collage” technique for Ask
Ask participants to build collage from provided collection of image, explain significance and arrangements
Illustrates participant’s understand and perception of issues
Describe the “Card Sort” technique for Ask
Name possible features on separate cards, ask person to organize them in a way that makes sense to them
Explores mental model’s of a person, shows their expectations and priorities
