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OS 4 > 2. Intro the Osteopathic Cranial Manipulation > Flashcards

2. Intro the Osteopathic Cranial Manipulation Flashcards

1
Q

Who is credited for starting cranial manipulation?

A

William Garner Sutherland

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2
Q

Explain the basis (not componenets) of primary respiratory mechanism (PRM)

A

Primary: cranial motion is the “fundamental process of life”

Respiratory: cranial motion is the “breath of life”

Mechanism: pattern of tissue and fluid movement with a distinct purpose

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3
Q

What are the five components of PRM?

A
  1. Inherent mobility (passive) of brain and SC
  2. Fluctuation of CSF
  3. Mobility of intracranial and intraspinal membranes
  4. Articulatory mobility of cranial bones
  5. Involuntary (passive) mobility of sacrum between ilia
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4
Q

What is the driving push in CSF and how many times is CSF cycled through?

A

Cranial Rhythmic Impulse

The driving force that moves CSF through 10-14 cycles/minute

(Fluctuation of CSF)

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5
Q

What are the motion chracracteristics of the Cranial Rhythmic Impulse? R-RADS

A

Rate: 10-14 BPM

Rhythm: regular, but can have variation
Amplitude: SD may diminish amplitude
Direction: healthy is linear, SD is asymmetric
Strength

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6
Q

What is the intracranial and intraspinal membranes and what do they come together to create?

A

Intracranial membranes are the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli that make the “Sutherland Fulcrum”

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7
Q

What is the Sutherland Fulcrum?

A

A name for the straight sinus as the origin of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli

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8
Q

Describe the Reciprocal Tension Membrane?

A

The meninges and spinal cord make a link with the cranium that correlates with movement in the sacrum
-the “core link”

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9
Q

What do the tentorium and falx come together to create?

A

The reciprocal tension membrane

Allows for constant tension and acts like a spring to store energy

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10
Q

Why is the straight sinus, or sutherland fulcrum, said to be a suspended automatic shifting fulcrum?

A

Suspended: pivot point of fulcrum remains within RTM created by falx and tentorium

Automatic: passive motion

Shifting: straight sinus moves up and down

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11
Q

What is the anterior/superior pole of the RTM?

A

Crista galli

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12
Q

What is the anterior/inferior pole of the RTM?

A

Clinoid process of sphenoid

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13
Q

What is the lateral pole of the RTM?

A

Mastoid angle of parietals

Petrous ridges of the temporal bones

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14
Q

What is the posterior pole of the RTM?

A

Internal occipital protuberance

Transverse ridges

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15
Q

1) What is the suture between the parietal and temporal bones?
2) Parietal and Occipital?
3) Occipital and Temporal?
4) Sphenoid and Temporal
5) Parietal and Frontal?
6) Temporal and Zygomatic
7) 2 Parietal Bones

A

1) Parietosquamous Suture
2) Lambdoidal
3) Occipitomastoid Suture
4) Sphenosquamous
5) Coronal
6) Temporozygomatic
7) Sagittal

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16
Q

1) What bones meet in Asterion?
2) Pterion?
3) Both Parietals and Frontal
4) Both Parietals and Occiput

A

1) Occipital, Temporal, Parietal
2) Sphenoid, Temporal, Parietal
3) Bregma
4) Lambda

17
Q

What is the name of the synchondrosis between the sphenoid bone and clivus of the occipital lobe?

What is it?

A 
Sphenobasilar Synchondrosis (SBS)
-relatively rigid hyaline cartilaginous junction
18
Q

FLEXION
1) Which way do the Basi-occiput and Basi-sphenoid move during flexion of the SBS?

2) Greater Wing of the Sphenoid?
3) Occipital Squama movement?

A

1) Superior
2) Anterior and Inferior
3) Posterior and Inferior

19
Q

EXTENSION
1) Which way do the Basi-occiput and Basi-sphenoid move during EXTENSION of the SBS?

2) Greater Wing of the Sphenoid?
3) Occipital Squama movement?

A

1) Inferior
2) Posterior and Superior
3) Anterior and Superior

20
Q

When the SBS extends, what is the effect on the inferior angle?

What is extension paired with?

A

Increases

Extension paired with exhalation

21
Q

When the SBS flexes, what is the effect on the inferior angle?

What is Flexion paired with?

A

Decreases

Flexion is paired with inhalation

22
Q

Where does the dural attachment from the foramen magnum attach to the sacrum?

A

Disc of S2

23
Q

Which axis involves motion of the sacrum with repiration?

A

Superior Transverse

24
Q

What axis involves motion of the sacrum that changes with posture?

A

Middle Transverse

25
Q

What axis of the sacrum involves movement of the ilia on the sacrum

A

Inferior Transverse

-S3

26
Q

Nutation correlates with what SBS motion

A

SBS Extension

  • base moves anterior
  • Apex moves posterior
27
Q

Counternutation correlates with with what SBS motion?

A

SBS flexion

  • Base moves posterior
  • Apex moves anterior
28
Q

What is the current view as to what is causing the fluctuations of the CSF?

A

Glial cells may contribute
And
The brain may be capable to motion on its own.

OS 4 (13 decks)

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