Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OS II FINAL EXTREMELY FLIMSY ALAR > 2. OMM Research > Flashcards

2. OMM Research Flashcards

1
Q

The knowledge of current research on OMM come from the basis of his questioning.

Who?

A

AT Still

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In the first 1/3 of the 1900s, research was encouraged at the COMs. What aspects of OMT where considered and what did the results form the basis for?

A
  1. Neural and physiologic aspects of SD.
  2. How OMT affects symptoms and immune function

The results form the basis for what to study later

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The 1940s showed growth in the professional research d.t what 2 researchers?

A

Denslow and Korr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the state of the osteopathic profession in the late 1950s?

A

In the late 1950s, there was controversy in the osteopathic profession d.t the California merger. We missed out on NIH research money and on expansion of the profession. Thus, in thr 1960s we had to fight for our lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

After the merger, what schools remained?

A
  1. Kirksville
  2. KC
  3. Des Moines
  4. PCOM
  5. Des Moines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When did we start to expand the number of schools and what did this mean?

A

1970-2000.
More faculty = more research; AOA started to encourage research and form more research rewards; outside sources began to fund OS research and residency programs began requiring it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2001 -2007 Profession lacked a research

institute. Where did we open the first one?

A

Texas Osteopathic research school, then, AT Still opened one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

After 2008, what happened?

A

expanding amount of research in the US and around the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

AOA Bureau of Research definition of OMM research?

A

Whatever the investigator states is the relevance of their proposed project to osteopathic philosophy and principles, theories, mechanisms or practice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 6 definitions of OMM research?

A
  1. OMM research is something done at an OMM instutiion.
  2. OMM research is something that looks at autonomics and Immune Functions
  3. OMM research is something that looks at Spinal Cord Facilitation
  4. OMM research is something that looks at OMT efficacy
  5. OMM research is research on whole patient care
  6. OMM research is any and all research at a COM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who are the 4 big contributers to OMM research?

A
  1. Louisa Burns, DO
  2. J. Stedman Denslow, DO
  3. Irvin Korr, PhD
  4. William Johnston, DO
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What OS researcher induced spinal fixations on animals and then observed the VISCERO-SOMATIC effects of the lesions on the
[lungs, heart, kidneys, brain, GI and reproductive organs]

A

Louisa Burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What researcher worked with Louisa Burns from 48-50 and what did they do?

A

Dr. Wilbur Cole.

He reproduced her experiments so acheive internal validation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who coined the term sympatheticotonia, a heightened sympathetic tone d/t a disease process?

A

Dr. I.M Korr, PhD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What researcher looked at changes in galvanic skin resistance in areas with palpatory findings of SD d/t disturbances in autonomic function ?

A

Dr. Ivan Korr PhD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What researcher documented and quantified how muscle reflexes interact with autonomic changes in areas of SD (or osteopathic lesions as they called it back in the day)??

A

JS Denslow (1906-?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What researcher was a proponent for standard terminology and had a major role in facilitation of the spinal cord?

A

J.S Denslow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who was the director at AT Still Research Institute 1917-1935 (18 years) and was paid as AOA researcher until 1950?

A

Louisa Burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Louisa Burns had how many years is OMM research?

A

50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What researcher looked at the axoplasmic flow & the trophic function of nerves?

A

Dr. Ivan Korr PhD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What 2 researchers were involved in facilitation of the spinal cord/

A

Dr. Ivan Korr PhD

Dr. Denslow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What researcher was known for conducting [reliability studies, validity studies and studying viscero-somatic reflexes?]

A

Dr. William Johnston

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What researcher was known as the “The Second Great Philosopher of Osteopathic Medicine” and why?

A

Dr. Ivan Korr PhD.

He took Still’s anatomical foundation and added physiological function to it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What researcher studied “Reflex Activity in the Spinal Extensors”, using EMG/palpation correlation to document muscle reflex changes in areas that have osteopathic lesions

A

J.S Denslow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What researcher really pushed peer-review research?

A

Dr. Ivan Korr PhD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What researcher promoted DO – patient interaction importance in the research paradigm, not just OMT?

A

Dr. Ivan Korr PhD

27
Q

When was the Spanish Influenza Epidemic

A

1918

28
Q

when was the Unit II L.A. County Osteopathic

Hospital made

A

1932

29
Q

when was the first OMM randomized clinical trial published in the NEw England Journal of Medicine

A

1999

30
Q

During the influenza epidemic, there was about 110,120 reported cases and 2445 DO’s.

What was the difference in OVERALL mortality in those who received traditional medical care and osteopathic manipulation?

A

Traditional medical care: 5%

Osteopathic manipulation: 0.25%

31
Q

During the influenza epidemic, there was about 110,120 reported cases and 2445 DO’s.

What was the difference in mortality with pneumonia in those who received traditional medical care and osteopathic manipulation?

A

Traditional medical care: 30-60%

Osteopathic manipulation: 10%

32
Q

What was the LA County Osteopathic Hospital Unit II?

A

This hospital had 2 units
Unit I: MD doctors (3600 beds)
Units II: DO doctors (196 beds)

Every 10th patient was assigned to Unit II, however DOs ended up seeing 1/7 of total patients and delivered 1/3 of OB pts because they would ask to be transferred to Unit II.

33
Q

In 1928, LA County Osteopathic Hospital Unit II say _____ inpatients and ____ outpatients per year.

A

6000 in

200 out

34
Q

In 1933, LA County GENERAL HOSPITAL say _____ inpatients and ____ outpatients per year.

A

46, 500 inpatients
518,377 outpatients

and was the 3rd largest hosputal

35
Q

From 1932-33, how did the [MD + DO] and [DO’s alone] differ in mortality, average length of stay and coroner’s cases?

A

Mortality of [MD +DO]: 9.7%
Mortality of [DO alone]: 5.53?

Average LOS [MD + DO]: 16 days
Average LOS [DO alone]: 9.7 days

% of coroners cases: 14%

36
Q

The first OMM randomized clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine. what did this look at

A

Compared difference in outcomes in patients who had low back pain from 3 weeks - 6 months who received standard care vs osteopathic manipulation + standard care. Pts who received osteopathic manipulation received a variety of techniques.

37
Q

The first OMM randomized clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine was called what?

A

A Comparison of Osteopathic Spinal Manipulation with Standard Care for Patients with Low Back Pain

38
Q

What was the difference in the amount of

  1. NSAIDs
  2. Muscle relaxers
  3. Physical therapy

received between those who received standard care vs osteopathic manipulation + standard care

A

OMT + SC:
NSAIDS: 24% vs 54%
MR: 6% vs 25%
PT: 0.2% vs 2.6%

SC:
NSAIDS: 54%
MR: 25%
PT: 2.6%

39
Q

What was the overall results of A Comparison of Osteopathic Spinal Manipulation with Standard Care for Patients with Low Back Pain

A

outcome of the patients were no diff; except that those who received OMT + SC needed less meds and less PT.
90% of patients were satisfied in both groups

40
Q

What were the 5 Clinical Trials evaluating efficacy of OMT on metabolic processes about?

A 
Inflammation in pancreatitis
Inflammation in an ankle sprain
Infection in pneumonia
Infection in otitis media
Infection in spleen pump
41
Q

Describe the clinical trial on the efficacy of OMT on pancreatitis

A

30 hospitalized patients with pancreatitis were randomly assigned to standard care and OMT (general joint mobilization of hips, shoulder, sacrum, spine and ribs) .

Those that received OMT had: decreased length of stay and analgesic use and increased patient satisfaction.

42
Q

Describe the clinical trial on the efficacy of OMT on ankle sprain.

A

55 adults with 1st or 2nd degree acute
ankle sprain in the ED were randomized to OMT or standard care.

Those who received OMT had decreased edema, pain and increased ROM.

43
Q

Describe the clinical trial on the efficacy of OMT on pneumonia

A

2 groups:
Experimental group had 28 ppl who received OMT + OMT specialist and protocol vs control who had 30 ppl and received light non-specific for equal length of time.

Those who received OMT: needed less overall abx, less IV abx and had a decreased length of stay.

Both groups reported the same oral abx.

44
Q

Describe the clinical trial on the efficacy of OMT on otitis media

6 months – 6yo with recurrent otitis media were placed given standard care only (32) or standard care plus OMT (25).

What were the results?

A

OMT group had:
Fewer episodes of acute OM, fewer surgical procedures, more mean months WITHOUT surgery, increased frequency of normal tympanograms.

45
Q

Describe the clinical trial on the efficacy of OMT on the splenic pump.

A 1934 study was re-analyzed with 100 infected patients.

What were the results and what are current studies looking at?

A

OMT splenic pump increased immune cell counts.. Current studies are looking at cell labeling
to identify immune activation from abdominal
pump OMT.

46
Q

In the dog lab With Lymphatic Pump Treatment (LPT), what has it shown?

A
  1. Increase flow of lymph in the thoracic duct
  2. Increase in number of circulating leukocytes
  3. These increases were GREATER in the abdominal pump than thoracic.
  4. There was an increase in the number of lymphocytes (T cells and IgG/IgA B cells), monocytes and neutrophils
  5. Took 2 min to get max release from the nodes
    during treatment d/t inflammation influencing NO release, which contracts vessels
47
Q

The Dog lab with LPT experiement was then done on rats. What were the findings?

A

findings were identical, which supports the hypothesis that LPT increases lymph flow and release of leukocytes in healthy animals.

48
Q

Researchers then looked at: does LPT protect against pneumonia & Influenza. What was the hypothesis?

A

Clinical evidence shows that LPT helps to clear infection in the lung. Thus, increased lymph flow should decrease # of bacteria in lungs

49
Q

What were the 3 groups in the study to see if LTP helps to protect against pneumonia and influenza?

A
  1. Control group of rats was just under anesthesia
  2. Sham group received light touch under anesthesia
  3. Experimental group received LPT under anesthesia
50
Q

In the study to see if LTP helps to protect against pneumonia and influenza; rats were treated 1 x/ day x 7 days. They received 1 pump per sec for 4 minutes.
What were the results?

A
  1. Rats in LPT showed a steady decline in the number of bacteria in bronchial washings after 2-3 treatments, which control and sham group had increase in bacteria.
  2. Concentration of immune cells in rats who received LPT decreased overtime maybe d/t the decreasing number of bacteria stimulating the immune cells (?). However, they were not coming from the spleen.
51
Q

Concentration of immune cells in rats who received LPT decreased overtime maybe d/t the decreasing number of bacteria stimulating the immune cells (?). Were these coming from the spleen?

A

no bc the spleen tends to hold onto cells. but if it does release, they go into venous and arterial circulation not to lymph.

52
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae was used to nasally
infect rats to determine the number of LPT
needed to enhance the clearance of the strep.
On days 1,3,&4: lungs/spleen removed, bacteria and pulmonary leukocytes were measured. What else happaned on day 4?

A

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated for
inflammatory mediators, antibacterial factors, &
alveolar macrophage function

53
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae was used to nasally
infect rats to determine the number of LPT
needed to enhance the clearance of the strep.
On days 1,3,&4: lungs/spleen removed, bacteria and pulmonary leukocytes were measured.

On day 4, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated for
inflammatory mediators, antibacterial factors, &
alveolar macrophage function. What were the results?

A
  1. After 3 daily LPT, there was a decrease in the number of pulmonary bacteria.
  2. There was no significant differences in alveolar leukocytes.
  3. At day 4, there was no diff in IL-1B, CRP, TNF-a and MCP-1 between groups.
  4. BUT LPT had increases in SP-D, IL6, IL-12, IL-17 and increased production of NO2 & IL-6 by alveolar macrophages.
54
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae was used to nasally
infect rats to determine the number of LPT
needed to enhance the clearance of the strep.
On days 1,3,&4: lungs/spleen removed, bacteria and pulmonary leukocytes were measured.

On day 4, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated for
inflammatory mediators, antibacterial factors, &
alveolar macrophage function.

What did this study show?

A

support in using LPT to treat pneumococcal pneumonia

55
Q

Does LPT cause metastasis?

A

No; there is no support

56
Q

does aerobic excervise protect against cancer?

A

yes; it increases lymph flow => increases immune function

57
Q

does excercise decrease tumor growth

A

there is some support

58
Q

how can we help those that are immobile better their immune function?

A

LPT

59
Q

Using the rat model and same design as the

pneumonia study, researchers Injected rats with tumor cells and watched tumor development. what were the results?

A

LPT group had

  1. decrease in #’s of tumors,
  2. 40% reduction in lungs,
  3. Increase of every cell type in lungs (includes antitumor cells and NK cells)
  4. increase of IL-2
60
Q

Overall, LPT does what 3 things?

A
  1. increases flow in lymphatic duct
  2. Protects the lungs
  3. Protects against tumors in lungs
61
Q

All changes discussed occurred in the _____

system

A

LYMPH; there was NO changes in the serum markers between all three groups (CBC).

62
Q

was is diff to do in OMM research

A

blinding cannot be done

DV used

63
Q

What is the research fellowship treffler did ?

A

CONCORD - PBRN

OS II FINAL EXTREMELY FLIMSY ALAR (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions