2. Professional profiles and ethics (research and ethics)

Question 1

clinical and health psychologists

Answer 1

evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and intervention, advice and consulting, healthe prevention and promotion, research, teaching and administration management

Question 2

educational psychologist

Answer 2

intervention, orientation, prevention, family training and advice, research and teaching (students and educational agents)

Question 3

social intervention psychologist

Answer 3

study of beh. in different social contexts

direct attention, advice and counselling, community dynamization, research, planning programs, program evaluation, direction and management, and training

Question 4

Work and organizational psychologists

Answer 4

study of behaviour in diverse working institutional context. Achieve well-being in working fields.

Selection, evaluation, personel orientation, training and personal development of human resources and management

Question 5

Legal psychologists

Answer 5

court, police and armed forces (HR), judicial (jury, testimony), delinquency psychologist, penitentiary, victimology and mediation

Evaluation and diagnosis, advice, intervention, training and education, prevention campaigns about criminality, research, victimology and mediation.

Question 6

Physical activity and sports psychologist

Answer 6

study of beh. in personal interactions regarding sports and personal adjustment and well being

Evaluation, advice, intervention, training and research

Question 7

Traffic and road safety psychologists

Answer 7

traffic, accidentability,

Psychotechnical evaluations, detection of people more prone to accidents
Training of monitors…, advice and child-read-safety, accident prevention campaigns, rehab in people who suffered in an accident

Question 8

Ethics in Research
Principles:

Answer 8

Anticipation = control
- Respect for autonomy, privacy and dignity
- scientific integrity
- social responsibility
- Maximizing benefit, minimizing harm

Question 9

Ethics in Research
Rules of the BPS:
Involving more than minimal risk

Answer 9

• Involving vulnerable groups (eg children)
• Involving potentially sensitive topics (political beh)
• Involving a significant and necessary element of deception
• Involving access to personal records
• Involving potentially sensitive data through 3rd parties
• Could induce psychological stress, anxiety or humiliation
• Invasive interventions (administering drugs)
• May have an adverse impact on employment or social standing
• May lead to labelling
  Involving the collection of human tissue, blood or…

Question 10

Ethics in Research
APA: Informed consent
what to include?

Answer 10

Responsibility of the researcher that the participant understands everything and that there is no pressure to agree.
- Purpose of research, expected duration and procedures
- right to decline or withdraw
- potential risks, discomfort or adverse effects that may affect their will to participate
- any prospective research benefits
- limits of confidentiality
- incentives for participation
- whom to contact for questions

Question 11

Ethics in Research
APA: Informed consent
when is it not needed?

Answer 11

Research doesn’t cause distress or harm and involves:
- study of normal educational practices…
- only anonymous questionnaires
- study of factors related to job but doesn’t affect participants employability

Where permitted by law or federal or institutional regulations

Question 12

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Incomplete disclosure

Answer 12

when:
- it is truly necessary to accomplish the goals of the research
- no undisclosed risks to subjects that are more than minimal
- adequate plan for debriefing subjects, when appropriate and for dissemination of research results to them

Question 13

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Informed explanation

Answer 13

• when research is over, should be like and active intervention
• must be prepared to discuss procedure with participants and must prepare all necessary to ensure participants leave research like they started
• done as early as possible

Question 14

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Participation drop

Answer 14

• Must inform participants that they have the right to abandon at any moment
• Who decides to abandon have the right to ask for the destruction and retirement of their data

Question 15

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Privacy

Answer 15

• Confidential unless informed consent to share

Question 16

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Participant protection

Answer 16

• protect against physical or psychological damage
• higher risks than those of daily life should be avoided
• ask if suffer medical problem or other kind that may put them at risk
• informed of how to contact in case unexpected consequences from experiment, researcher must correct them
• child = touchy, careful when discussing results with parents or teachers

Question 17

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Observational research

Answer 17

If without consent, must respect privacy and wellbeing of people.
Only performed in public places, where expected to be seen. Not their home.

Question 18

Ethics in Research
Belmont Report:
Animal research justification

Answer 18

behavioural continuity
experimental control
objectivity
breed comparison
establish cause-effect relations