2 - relations with france & scotland

Question 1

The Brittany affair (1489)

Answer 1

• France gave financial aid to Henry when he took the throne
• France wanted to take Brittany (threat to England - all Channel coast would be in French hands)
• Brittany asked England for help
• HRE made peace w/ France
• Brittany forced to accept defeat, & Anne (ruler) married Charles VIII of France
• Henry had agreed to send 6000 soldiers to aid Brittany (Treaty of Redon) so was now in danger of attack from France

Question 2

war w/ France (1492)

Answer 2

• Henry asserted his claim to the French throne
• gathered an invasion force, launched Oct 1492
• campaigning season nearly over & France = more concerned w/ Italy
• France offered peace through Treaty of Étaples

Question 3

Treaty of Étaples (1492)

Answer 3

• France wouldn’t aid English rebels (particularly Warbeck)
• France would pay most of Henry’s expenses for aiding Brittany
• Henry would gain French pension of £5000 a year

Question 4

Treaty of Redon (1489)

Answer 4

where England agreed to aid Brittany agst invasion from France by sending 6000 soliders

Question 5

relations w/ France after 1492

Answer 5

• League of Venice (1495) initially established to drive France out of Italy, & excluded England
• became Holy League (1496) when England was added
• England = neutral, didn’t have to go to war w/ France
• signed trade deal w/ France
• tried to develop three-way agreement btwn France, England & Netherlands, agst Spain (1508, League of Cambrai)
• France pulled out last minute & joined Spain instead (England left isolated)

Question 6

League of Venice (1495)

Answer 6

initially established to drive France out of Italy, & excluded England

Question 7

Holy League (1496)

Answer 7

developed from League of Venice when England was added

Question 8

League of Cambrai (1508)

Answer 8

three-way agreement (England, France, Brittany) agst Spain, France withdrew just before signing as they didn’t want to antagonise Spain & joined them instead (England isolated)

Question 9

Scotland’s relationship w/ England

Answer 9

traditional enemy, border region suffered, regular conflict, much weaker than England but allied to France (more of a threat), relations initially seemed to improve but James IV (came of age, 1495) changed this

Question 10

Scotland & Warbeck

Answer 10

• James wanted to assert himself agst England by going to war
• Warbeck arrived 1495
• Warbeck married James’ cousin & was given military aid
• invasion = fiasco, so James took offer of peace w/ England

Question 11

Truce of Ayton (1497)

Answer 11

• 7 year truce, later extended to full peace in 1499
• first peace agreement since 1328
• marriage of Henry’s eldest daughter Mary to James IV (1503)
• prevented full-scale war (but there were still skirmishes)