20 Flashcards
(45 cards)
1
Q
Epi released from the adrenal medulla is considered a
A
a. Hormone
2
Q
- If a pt is taking albuterol (a beta-agonist), do not give
A
a. A beta-blocker
3
Q
- What fires at once “all or nothing”
A
a. Sympathetic
4
Q
- Sympathetic is
A
a. Short preganglionic fibers, long postganglionic fibers
5
Q
- Preganglionic fibers release
A
a. Ach
6
Q
- What breaks down Ach
A
a. Cholinesterase
7
Q
- Adrenergic fibers
A
a. Release NE
8
Q
- When developing a dry mouth drug, what do you target
A
a. M3
9
Q
- Which of the following is an irreversible indirect acting cholinergic
A
a. Parathion pick the one that isn’t reversible (‘-stigmine’ agents, donepezil, galantamine)
10
Q
- Cevimeline
A
a. Increases salivation and lacrimation
11
Q
- What regenerates AChE
A
a. Pralidoxime
12
Q
- What does atropine not do
A
ronchoconstriction (b/c it does bronchodilation)
13
Q
- What does atropine not treat
A
a. Paralysis
14
Q
- What is a quaternary amine that is used to dry secretions
A
a. Glycopyrrolate
15
Q
- What is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
A
a. Succinylcholine
16
Q
- Which of the following neuromuscular blockers will result in an increase in serum potassium
A
a. Succinylcholine
17
Q
- What mediates actin-myosin binding
A
a. Calcium
18
Q
- Which of the following drugs results in dry mouth and sedation and binds to a histamine receptor
A
a. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
19
Q
- T/F: variation is defined as diff drug concentrations at sites of drug action or by different responses to the same drug concentration
A
a. T
20
Q
- (had a description of the pt taking amitriptyline and its ability to block alpha-1 receptors). What type of variation is this
A
a. Pharmacodynamic
21
Q
- Chinese do not metabolize alcohol well and get an increase in what in their plasma
A
a. Acetaldehyde
22
Q
- Older pts have what phase of metabolism impaired resulting in drug accumulation
A
a. Phase 1
23
Q
- Pregnant pt takes lithium which is excreted through the kidney. How her pregnancy affect the drug concentration of lithium?
A
a. Decrease lithium level
24
Q
- Pregnant pt have ____ RBF and ____ GFR
A
a. Increase, increase
25
25. Pt is taking a drug with codeine. what effect occurs due to the pt’s drugs
a. Slowed absorption
26
26. What anti-epileptic medication results in gingival hyperplasia and affects CYP450 3A4
a. Phenytoin (be careful b/c all 3 anti-epileptic medications were listed)
27
27. Which of the following adverse effects is independent of the main pharmacological action?
a. Clozapine and seizures
28
28. What is an example of a non-covalent interaction of toxin-induced cell damage?
Hydrogen Peroxide
29
29. What results from the covalent modification of DNA
a. Mutagenesis
30
30. What results in anaphylactic shock
a. Penicillin
31
31. Which of the following drugs results in less platelet count
a. Valproic acid/divalprox
32
32. At what phase do Na+ channels open
a. Phase 0
33
33. On a ECG, which of the following is atrial depolarization
a. P wave
34
a. P wave
a. Bradycardia
35
35. Which of the following drugs has an altered taste
a. Propafenone class Ic
36
36. Which of the following classes serves as a beta-blocker
a. Class II
37
37. Which of the following classes serves as a potassium channel blocker
a. Class III
38
38. Which of the following drugs results in QT prolongation and increased risk for TdP
a. Dofetilide
39
39. Which of the following drugs is a “slow” L-type calcium channel blocker
a. Diltiazem
40
40. Which of the following drugs will result in gingival hyperplasia
a. Amlodipine a class IV dihydropyridine (b/c ends in ‘-dipine’)
41
41. Cardiac output is a function of stroke volume and
a. Heart rate
42
42. Which of the following is a phosphodiesterase-3 enzyme inhibitor
a. Milrinone
43
43. Which of the following drugs increases O2 supply but does not change O2 demand
a. Nitroglycerin
44
44. Which of the following drugs inhibits late inward sodium current in ischemic myocardium
a. Ranolazine
45
45. Which of the following ischemic heart diseases is due to a fixed blockage and not plaque rupture
a. Stable ischemic heart disease
