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ib music > 20/21st century > Flashcards

20/21st century Flashcards

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1
Q

Who wrote their first composition at age 6?

A

Richard Strauss

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2
Q

Who was a fan of Wagner’s operas?

A

Richard Strauss

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3
Q

Who initially went along with the Nazi party, but ended up having to protect his Jewish family from them?

A

Richard Strauss

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4
Q

Who gave his first public piano performance at age 10?

A

Gustav Mahler

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5
Q

Who graduated from the Vienna Conservatory?

A

Gustav Mahler

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6
Q

Who directed the New York’s Metropolitan Opera AND the New York Philharmonic?

A

Gustav Mahler

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7
Q

Which style of music focuses on emotion and atmosphere?

A

Impressionism

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8
Q

Which style of music occurred mainly during the 19th and 20th centuries?

A

Impressionism

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9
Q

What did impressionism use to create “color”?

A

orchestration, texture, harmonies

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10
Q

Which composer was born in France with 4 other siblings?

A

Claude Debussy

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11
Q

Who studied at the Paris Conservatoire?

A

Claude Debussy

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12
Q

Who wrote only one opera?

A

Claude Debussy

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13
Q

Whose father was an inventor that instilled in his children a love of music?

A

Maurice Ravel

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14
Q

Who admired Debussy’s music, but also criticized it?

A

Maurice Ravel

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15
Q

Who spent WWI as a truck driver stationed at the Verdun front?

A

Maurice Ravel

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16
Q

Whose brain was injured in a taxi accident and died after an unsuccessful brain operation?

A

Maurice Ravel

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17
Q

What type of music was a rebellion against romanticism?

A

Expressionism

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18
Q

What were some characteristics of expressionism?

A

Wide leaps in melody, extreme range of instrumentation

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19
Q

WHat’s the definition of serialism?

A

Not repeating anything until everything has been explored

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20
Q

Definition of polyrhythm

A

Two or more rhythms occurring in a piece. simultaneously

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21
Q

Definition of polychords

A

Two or more chords being played simultaneously on top of one another

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22
Q

Who studied law because his parents wished him to but still made music on the side?

A

Igor Stravinsky

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23
Q

Who caught the attention of Rimsky Korsakov?

A

Igor Stravinsky

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24
Q

Who was known for experimenting with rhythm?

A

Igor Stravinsky

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25
Q

Who incorporated melodies from Russian folk songs?

A

Igor Stravinsky

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26
Q

Who wrote Rite of Spring, during which everyone walked out

A

Igor Stravinsky

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27
Q

Three composers that were part of the Second Viennese school?

A

Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton Webern

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28
Q

Who moved to USA, and taught at USC and UCLA?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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29
Q

Who converted from Judaism to Lutheranism and then back to Judaism?

A

Arnold Shoenberg

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30
Q

Who created “sprechstimme”?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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31
Q

Who was drafted to war in WWII, and served. as a guard?

A

Alban Berg

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32
Q

Who wrote Wozzeck opera?

A

Alban Berg

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33
Q

Who lived during the height of serialism?

A

Alban Berg

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34
Q

Who died from an insect bite and blood poisoning?

A

Alban Berg

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35
Q

What did Anton Webern expand?

A

Serialism

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36
Q

Who got a phD in musicology?

A

Anton Webern

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37
Q

Who spent most of his time lecturing in secret?

A

Anton Webern

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38
Q

Who left Vienna for Salzberg, where he was shot to death after. curfew?

A

Anton Webern

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39
Q

What did Anton Webern cut himself off from?

A

tonality

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40
Q

Who was a Russian Nationalistic composer?

A

Sergei Rachmoninoff

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41
Q

Who was a fan of music rooted in a key?

A

Sergei Rachmoninoff

42
Q

Who had big hands?

A

Sergei Rachmoninoff

43
Q

Who were two English 20th century nationalistic composers?

A

Ralph Vaughn Williams, Benjamin Britten

44
Q

Who traveled with Kodaly?

A

Bela Bartok

45
Q

Who studied at the Royal Academy in Budapest?

A

Bela Bartok

46
Q

Bela Bartok’s music is very what?

A

Dissonant

47
Q

Bela Bartok’s music is what?

A

Polytonal

48
Q

Bela Bartok’s music includes what kind of rhythms?

A

Pounding, stabbing

49
Q

Who wrote piano music to sound like percussion?

A

Bela Bartok

50
Q

Who wrote the Afro American symphony?

A

William Grant Still

51
Q

What sounds did Aaron Copland incorporate?

A

Old West and Mexican dance music and jazz

52
Q

Where did Aaron Copland move to study with whom?

A

To Paris to study with Nadia Boulanger?

53
Q

Where did Aaron COpland spend a lot of time?

A

Mexico city

54
Q

Where was John Cage born?

A

Los ANgeles

55
Q

What did John Cage have an interest in?

A

Non-western music, scales

56
Q

Where did John Cage move, to study with who?

A

Europe to study with Schoenberg

57
Q

Who invented prepared piano?

A

John cage

58
Q

Who wrote the song 433?

A

John Cage

59
Q

What is the definition of minimalism?

A

Stripping music down to the bare bones so you can focus on the essential

60
Q

Who went to Harvard?

A

John Adams

61
Q

What kind of composer was John Adams?

A

A minimalist composer

62
Q

Who taught at SF Conservatory of Music

A

John Adams

63
Q

What did John Adams win, for what song?

A

Pullitzer Prize for On the. Transmigration of Souls n

64
Q

Where did Arvo Part come from?

A

Estonia

65
Q

What did Arvo Part shun?

A

Serialism

66
Q

Where did Arvo Part draw a lot of his influence from?

A

Latin

67
Q

What did Arvo Part create and what’s the definition?

A

Tintinnabulation–three elements: one part moving chromatically, another part moving traitically, another part staying on same note

68
Q

Samuel Barber was what kind of composer?

A

New Romantic American

69
Q

What did Samuel Barber write?

A

Adagio for Strings

70
Q

Samuel Barber returned to what?

A

Tonality

71
Q

Samuel Barber used lots of what?

A

Major and minor chords

72
Q

What was New Romanticism?

A

A pop culture movement in the UK in the 1970s

73
Q

Shape Note notation

A

Introduced in late 18th Century England to facilitate congregational and community singing

74
Q

Atonality

A

Music that lacks a tonal center

75
Q

Polytonality

A

the simultaneous use of two or more keys in a musical composition.

76
Q

Neoclassicism

A

The revival of a classical style of music

77
Q

What ethnicity was Kodaly?

A

A Hungarian composer

78
Q

What was Kodaly a collector of?

A

Folk songs

79
Q

Where was Kodaly born?

A

Kecskemet

80
Q

What did Kodaly do?

A

Developed technique to teach young children to read music through folk material

81
Q

Where was Stephen Foster born and how many siblings

A

Born in Pennsylvania with 9 siblings

82
Q

What was Stephen Foster famous for?

A

American songwriter known primarily for his parlor and minstrel music

83
Q

When was Stephen Foster born?

A

Early 19th century

84
Q

What’s a tone row?

A

A particular sequence of the notes of the chromatic scale used for serial music

85
Q

What did John Philip Sousa conduct?

A

The Marine band, the US Army band

86
Q

Where was John Philip Sousa born?

A

Washington DC

87
Q

Who started violin lessons at the age of 10?

A

John Philip SOusa

88
Q

When was John Philip Sousa born?

A

The mid 19th. century

89
Q

Where did Charles Ives go to school?

A

Yale

90
Q

What instrument did Charles Ives play?

A

Became a church organist at. age 14

91
Q

What did Charles Ives use?

A

Dissonance, polyrhythms, polytonality, polytexture

92
Q

Where was William Grant Still raised?

A

Arkansas

93
Q

Who was William Grant Still?

A

first African American to have major productions of both a symphony and opera

94
Q

John Williams fact

A

Conducted and arrranged music for the military

95
Q

John Williams fact

A

Has a son who is a professional singer

96
Q

Where was Leonard Bernstein born?

A

Massachusetts, he was an American composer

97
Q

Who died of Pneumonia?

A

Leonard Benstein

98
Q

What was Philip Glass?

A

Minimalist composer

99
Q

Philip glass how many pieces has he made?

A

Hundres

100
Q

Philip Glass

A

When he first started composing people thought he was crazy

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