2018 ass Flashcards
f. What is a wireframe in web design? [2 marks]
A wireframe in web design is a basic blueprint that focuses on layout, content organization, and functionality before adding visual elements like color or images. It’s like a sketch of a website’s structure.
d. WCAG . consists of four main guidelines for designing accessible web sites. Explain the following WCAG guidelines. [8 marks]
i. Perceivable
ii. Operable
iii. Understandable
iv. Robust
i. Perceivable:
Information must be presented in a way users can perceive, with alternatives for non-visual or auditory content (e.g., captions for videos, alt text for images).
ii. Operable:
User interfaces and navigation must be functional for users with motor limitations (e.g., keyboard navigation, clear labels for buttons).
iii. Understandable:
Content and user interface must be clear and easy to understand (e.g., plain language, clear instructions, predictable layout).
iv. Robust:
Content must be compatible with a variety of assistive technologies and future browsing tools (e.g., use semantic HTML, avoid overly complex coding).
e. As Tim Berners-Lee said, “The power of the web is in its universality. Access by everyone, regardless of disability, is an essential aspect”. List any three (3) disability or human physical factor to consider when building a web site.
Visual Impairment: Consider users with blindness or low vision by providing alt text for images and ensuring sufficient color contrast.
Motor Impairment: Make sure your site is navigable by keyboard only, and avoid features requiring precise mouse control.
Cognitive Impairment: Use clear and simple language, present information logically, and offer multiple ways to find content.
Blindness/low vision (alt text, color contrast).
Motor limitations (keyboard navigation).
Cognitive difficulties (clear language, logical structure).
d. Write a style rule that applies a yellow background color to elements when the user points the mouse to a hypertext link.
a:hover {
background-color: yellow;
}
a. What are the two parts of a style rule?
selector and declaration
What element does this selector choose? [2 marks]
p ul li
<li> elements that are:
Descendants of a <p> element (meaning they appear anywhere within the opening and closing <p> tags).
Children of a <ul> element (meaning they are directly nested within the opening and closing <ul> tags of the parent <p> element).
In simpler terms, it selects list items (<li>) that are inside unordered lists (<ul>) which are themselves inside paragraphs (<p>).
</p></ul></li></p></ul></ul></p></p></li>
XHTML follows the rules of XML, so it follows the markup rules for XML. In short, XHTML requires that documents conform to basic rules. Briefly state any three rules that XHTML documents must follow.
XHTML Rules:
XHTML, as an XML-based markup language, follows these three essential rules:
Proper Nesting: Elements must be nested correctly, opening and closing tags in the proper order (e.g., <b><i>text</i></b>).
Attributes in Quotes: All attributes within an opening tag must be enclosed in double quotes (e.g., <img></img>).
Closing All Tags: Every opening tag must have a corresponding closing tag (e.g., <h1>Title</h1>).
c. Explain any three testing considerations that a designer have to make when testing a website. [6 marks]
Here are three testing considerations for a designer:
Responsiveness: Test how the website looks and functions across different devices (desktop, tablet, mobile) and screen sizes.
Usability: Evaluate how easy it is for users to navigate, find information, and complete tasks. Conduct user testing to gather feedback.
Accessibility: Ensure the website is usable by people with disabilities. Consider factors like color contrast, keyboard navigation, and screen reader compatibility.
d. Describe what a “web browser” is and name any browser that you know of.
A web browser is an application that lets you access websites and navigate the internet. You can view text, images, and videos using a web browser. Some popular web browsers include Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.
