2022 Final Flashcards by Pickle Rick

ID efferent arteriole

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Where is the Macula Densa located?
Loop of henle
Collecting duct
Glomerulus

Loop of henle
(technically convoluted tubules?)

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Ang II mediated vasoconstriction is a regulatory mechanism that acts on what

Efferent arteriole

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Acute glomerulonephritis is a type of which renal failure

Intrinsic renal

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Nephrons are located

a. Medulla

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Ground glass appearance in renal osteodystrophy is what mechanism?
a. Ca+ absorption
b. Increased calcium in serum
c. Parathormone

?
-lack of Ca absorption in intestines
-stimulates parathyroid hormone
-causes demineralization in the jaw giving ground glass appearnce

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Another renal osteodystrophy question – What is the cause? Is decreased what?

a. Decreased GFR
b. + GI absorption

(idk what that is saying but it is decreased GI Ca+ absorption)

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Dialysis is used in what

Chronic kidney disease

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Showed chest x ray. What does this diagnose

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Erythema multiform

Intra and sub epithelial

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Thoracic sign for valvular heart disease

Heart murmur

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Dental treatment with hemodialysis

Within 24 hours after

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The one you don’t use for infective endocarditis

a. ?
b. I said Cefazolin

pretty sure this is clindamycin (cause C diff and shit)

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What do you give patient for patient allergic to penicillin to take orally(??) ?? ?
a. Clindamycin wasn’t an option
b. Clarithrymyacin
c. Azithromyacin
d. Cephalexin

??
-azithromyacin
(could also be cephalexin, clarithromycin, or doxycline)

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Symptom of asthma

Tightness of chest

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Auscultatory sign of asthma

Weezing

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Two signs of asthma that indicates to you that you have an asthmatic patient in the chair

a. Dyspnea, coughing

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Excersize induced asthma mechanism. “Which one is type 2 exercise induced”

Thermal/cold

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Which of these is not risk for MJONJ because its not depositied into bone

Monoclonal antibody (non-nitrogen)

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Which one is bad for bisphonates because it traps it into bone

Osteoblasts

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Which one is least likely to develop risk for MRONJ

Oral bisphonates (non-nitrogen)

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Stable and unstable angina

a. Symptoms at rest for unstable
b. Stable chest pain with physical activity

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Treatments for asthma

Long acting beta 2 agonists and short acting beta 2 agonists etc.

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Which do you use when your allergic to penillin for infective endocarditis

Same question again but like what. None of the regular options were on there

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Which one has same clinical features as oral lichen planus

Systemic lupus

Which hormone is responsible. And is it insufficiency, excess, or normal?

TSH is hormone responsible ??? idk i. I put thyroid hormone b. Insufficiency | Not sure if this one is TSH or decreased T4

True sign of allergic reaction

Angioedema

MMP

Subepithelial and BP180 BP230

Which is analogous to SARS COV19 because airborne respiratory infection

Spirometer is used to detect

COPD

Osteoradionecrosis can occur from

greater than 50 Gy

Vascular component that controls glomerular filtration rate

a. TGF b. I was so confused what this was asking I put afferent arteriole ## Footnote afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, and renal artery - haley

Need what A1c

Still ok to treat patient with A1c of

4-6

Radiation that is moving and administers different amounts of radiation

Intensity modulated

Gave pt description and said the patient was on ARV drug and anti-fungal drug and also has HIV. Hyperpigmentation can be due to all what

Kaposi sarcoma i. Other options were due to ARV, due to anti fungal, and due to secondary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s)

Drug that can treat xerostomia

pilocarpine

Pt has fugal disease what is treatment hes going through chemo

Nystatin? i. But idk bc if it was candidiasis this would be wrong bc he said nyastatin doesn’t work well for candida | or Fluconazole

Radio treatment on patient...Fluoride for 10 min a day, only need to do this until xerostomia symptoms go away

True – false (life long treatment)

What does HIV bind to

T helper lymphocyte, macrophage, CD4 | CD4+ T helper lymphocyte

what is incorrect about HIV a. antibodies appear before p24 b. other option was something about seroconversion in 3 months

a. antibodies appear before p24 (bc p24 appears before antibodies)

when to use antibiotics (prophy anti)

port a cath IV

using patients own bone marrow

autologous

anti-graft – Some anti-graft medication and why youre more likely to get infection and bleeding a. histamine release from leukocytes b. alpha tumor necrosis factor c. aldosterone

? I think it should be this... b. alpha tumor necrosis factor

Whats false regarding HIV test types

Rapid test is antigen/antibody test (false it just antibody)

Hep B is more transmissible through needle stick than HIV

true

Oral effects of hypertension

Xerostomia and burning mouth

Most common in HIV patients

Non-hodgkins lymphoma

Reason for this

Bacteria (because its scrofula...caused by TB which is bacterial)

Desmosomes hold epithelial cells together which disease attacks this

Pemphigus vulgaris

Picture of butterfly malar rash

Systemic lupus

Stage 2 HIV patient? Is this the case thing about whats true of him

Early symptomatic period * Can last 1–3 years * Signs and symptoms increase as the CD4+ count drops below 500 cells/μL and approaches 200 cells/μL (often between 200 and 300/μL) * Viral load continues to increase * Platelet count may decrease in about 10% of patients Any or a combination of the following: * Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy * Fungalinfections * Vaginal yeast and trichomonal infections * Oralhairy leukoplakia (OHL) * HerpesSimplex Viruses (HSV-1 & HSV-2) * HerpesZoster (VZV) * HIV-related retinopathy * Constitutional symptoms: fever, night sweats, fatigue, diarrhea, weight loss, weakness | from slides

Aids has lab tests of HIV but what else could it have ot make it a diagnosis of AIDS

Kaposi sarcoma (aids defining condition)

Osteoarthritis

Heberden nodes of DIP – it was asking the location of the nodes

What is true about rheumatoid arthritis

Synovial joints swelling

What is this. What organ causes this. It asked what organ system

Clubbing of digits b. Heart – cardiovascular

Most common manifestation in HIV

Candidasis

Oral lichen planus

CD8

Which one is not seen in HPV infections a. Something ive never seen before (something with an M?) b. Answers that were correct were condyloma acuminatum, hecks disease, verruca vulgaris

TB oral manifestation

open sores?

Patients with HIV flow xerostomia or something why do they have decreased salivary a. Sialo....? Something b. Sialadenotits c. Sialolithitis

sialadenosis- salivary gland enlargement

Best way to do medical history

Patient interview

Two cardiac signs for late pregnancy

b. I said hypotension and hypertension lol c. I overthought this so much I put supine hypotension syndrome and high blood pressure

If you place patients arm above heart its _____ if you have arm below heart its ____ levels

Falsely low, falsely elevated

BP readings

Taking average multiple of them

Name two arteries to take pulse

radial and carotid

comorbidity of COPD

a. cardiac failure or something with the heart b. hypertension? CVD?

which not to treat hypersentive pt with

sulfonylurea

What is an oral manifestation of multiple myeloma i. Increased bone density ii. Increased bacterial, fungal, viral infections iii. Sores

? I think it is this... ii. Increased bacterial, fungal, viral infections

INR should be 2-3 for pts on coumadin

true

Need to do extractions what do you measure for lupus pt

Platelet count

What is this and what’s it from

a. Distended jugular vein b. CHF

Insulin dependent

Type 1 diabetes

What two things that produce bile

Liver gallbladder

What does liver soley produce

ALT (SGPT) | or albumin

Which is transmissible to dental professional

HBV

Which of the following shows immunity for hep B

Anti-Hbs

something about hypertension causing something?

Retinopathy ?

Best way to take pulse

Three random times and arithmetic measure average of those three

What is the best well known way to stop progression of COPD

Tobacco cessation intervention

What is associated with valvular heart disease

Heart murmur

Patient is allergic to penicillin but is also on some other random ass infective endocarditis drug. What is your biggest concern a. Antibiotic resistance b. Anaphylaxis c. Some other weird stuff

? Prolly this... b. Anaphylaxis

What are the possible sources for hematopoietic stem cell transplant a. Options were so weird like core blood, coronary artery, cancellous bone, hepatic portal artery – choose two or something

I put core blood and cancellous bone (because its peripheral bone and bone marrow so maybe these are just synonyms? | bone marrow, peripheral blood, cord blood

Pt with extraction and wants dentures undergoes radiation therapy. Statement pt should get immediate dentures post rad therapy. Reason -immediate dentures prevent exposed bone from something

False false