2025 Unit 5 KBAR

Question 1

What is agribusiness?

Answer 1

The business of agricultural production and associated industries.

Agribusiness includes the production, processing, and distribution of agricultural products.

Question 2

What was the Enclosure movement?

Answer 2

The process of consolidating small landholdings into larger farms.

This movement took place in England and significantly changed land use and farming practices.

Question 3

Define nomadic herding (pastoralism).

Answer 3

A form of subsistence agriculture involving the herding of animals.

It is characterized by the movement of livestock to find fresh pastures.

Question 4

What is aquaculture?

Answer 4

The cultivation of aquatic organisms in controlled environments.

This includes fish farming and the cultivation of shellfish and seaweed.

Question 5

What is extensive farming?

Answer 5

A farming practice that uses large areas of land with low input of labor and capital.

It is often associated with livestock grazing and is less intensive than intensive farming.

Question 6

Define organic farming.

Answer 6

A method of farming that avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.

Organic farming focuses on natural processes and sustainability.

Question 7

What does bid rent theory explain?

Answer 7

The relationship between land value and distance from a central market.

It suggests that land users compete for the most accessible locations.

Question 8

What is fair trade?

Answer 8

A trading partnership that aims for equitable trading conditions.

It focuses on promoting sustainability and fair wages for producers.

Question 9

What is paddy rice farming?

Answer 9

A method of growing rice in flooded fields.

It is commonly practiced in Asian countries with suitable climates.

Question 10

Define biodiversity.

Answer 10

The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem resilience and sustainability.

Question 11

What is the Fertile Crescent?

Answer 11

A region in the Middle East known for its rich soils and early agriculture.

It is often considered one of the cradles of civilization.

Question 12

What is a pesticide?

Answer 12

A chemical used to kill pests that threaten crops.

Pesticides can have environmental and health impacts.

Question 13

Define biotechnology.

Answer 13

The use of living organisms or biological systems to develop products.

It is often applied in agriculture to enhance crop yields and resistance.

Question 14

What is a food desert?

Answer 14

An area with limited access to affordable and nutritious food.

Food deserts often affect low-income populations and contribute to health disparities.

Question 15

What is plantation agriculture?

Answer 15

A type of commercial farming that specializes in the production of cash crops.

It typically involves large estates and labor-intensive practices.

Question 16

Define cash crop.

Answer 16

A crop produced for commercial value rather than for use by the grower.

Examples include cotton, tobacco, and coffee.

Question 17

What is food insecurity?

Answer 17

The state of being without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.

Food insecurity can lead to malnutrition and health issues.

Question 18

What are proprietary seeds?

Answer 18

Seeds that are owned by a company and protected by intellectual property laws.

Farmers must pay to use these seeds, which can impact agricultural practices.

Question 19

Define cereal grains.

Answer 19

Grasses cultivated for the edible components of their grain.

Common examples include wheat, rice, and corn.

Question 20

What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

Answer 20

An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering.

GMOs are often used in agriculture to enhance traits like pest resistance.

Question 21

What is runoff?

Answer 21

Water that flows over land and carries away soil and pollutants.

Runoff can lead to water pollution and soil erosion.

Question 22

Define clustered settlement pattern.

Answer 22

A type of settlement where buildings are grouped closely together.

This pattern is often found in rural areas for agricultural purposes.

Question 23

What is a global supply chain?

Answer 23

The network of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in delivering a product to the consumer.

It highlights the interconnectedness of global trade.

Question 24

What is a seed drill?

Answer 24

A device that sows seeds at the correct depth and spacing.

It was a key innovation in agriculture during the Second Agricultural Revolution.

Question 25

What was the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 25

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World. ## Footnote This exchange had significant impacts on agriculture and diets worldwide.

Question 26

Define grain farming.

Answer 26

The cultivation of cereal grains for food and other uses. ## Footnote It is a major agricultural practice in many regions.

Question 27

What is shifting cultivation?

Answer 27

A form of subsistence agriculture where land is cleared, cultivated for a few years, and then abandoned. ## Footnote It is often practiced in tropical regions.

Question 28

What is commercial agriculture?

Answer 28

Agriculture that is undertaken primarily for sale rather than for personal consumption. ## Footnote It is characterized by large-scale production and often involves mechanization.

Question 29

What was the Green Revolution?

Answer 29

A period of agricultural transformation that increased food production worldwide through new technologies. ## Footnote It included the development of high-yield crop varieties and chemical fertilizers.

Question 30

What is slash and burn agriculture?

Answer 30

An agricultural practice that involves cutting and burning plants to create fields. ## Footnote This method is often used in shifting cultivation systems.

Question 31

Define commodity.

Answer 31

A basic good used in commerce that is interchangeable with other goods of the same type. ## Footnote Examples include agricultural products like coffee and sugar.

Question 32

What is an herbicide?

Answer 32

A chemical used to kill unwanted plants, especially weeds. ## Footnote Herbicides are commonly used in modern agriculture to enhance crop yields.

Question 33

What is soil salinization?

Answer 33

The accumulation of soluble salts in soil, often resulting from irrigation practices. ## Footnote It can lead to reduced agricultural productivity.

Question 34

Define commodity chain.

Answer 34

The series of steps involved in the production and distribution of a commodity. ## Footnote Understanding the commodity chain helps analyze economic activities in agriculture.

Question 35

What are high-yield seeds?

Answer 35

Seeds developed to produce more yield per plant than traditional seeds. ## Footnote They were a key component of the Green Revolution.

Question 36

What is sorghum?

Answer 36

A drought-resistant cereal grain often used as animal feed and in food products. ## Footnote Sorghum is a staple in many arid regions.

Question 37

What is Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)?

Answer 37

A farming model where consumers buy shares of a farm's harvest in advance. ## Footnote This model supports local farms and promotes community engagement.

Question 38

Define intensive farming.

Answer 38

A farming practice that uses a high input of labor and capital to maximize productivity. ## Footnote It is often associated with small land areas and high yields.

Question 39

What are subsidies?

Answer 39

Financial assistance provided by the government to support agricultural production. ## Footnote Subsidies can help stabilize farm income and encourage production.

Question 40

What is a cool chain?

Answer 40

A temperature-controlled supply chain for perishable goods. ## Footnote It is crucial for maintaining the quality of food products during transportation.

Question 41

Define linear settlement pattern.

Answer 41

A settlement pattern where buildings are arranged in a line, often along a road or river. ## Footnote This pattern is common in areas with specific geographical features.

Question 42

What is the township and range survey system?

Answer 42

A land surveying system used in the United States to divide land into townships and ranges. ## Footnote It facilitates the organization of land for agriculture and settlement.

Question 43

What is the division of labor?

Answer 43

The assignment of different tasks to different people or groups in agriculture. ## Footnote It enhances efficiency and productivity in farming operations.

Question 44

What is a mechanical reaper?

Answer 44

A machine that cuts and gathers crops at harvest time. ## Footnote The mechanical reaper revolutionized agricultural productivity in the 19th century.

Question 45

What is a truck farm?

Answer 45

A farm that grows vegetables and fruits for sale in nearby markets. ## Footnote Truck farms often focus on fresh produce for local consumption.

Question 46

What is urban farming?

Answer 46

The practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in urban areas. ## Footnote Urban farming can enhance food security and community engagement.

Question 47

What is the domestication of animals?

Answer 47

The process of adapting wild animals for human use. ## Footnote This includes breeding for traits beneficial to humans, such as milk production.

Question 48

What is the domestication of plants?

Answer 48

The process of cultivating wild plants for human use. ## Footnote This involves selective breeding to enhance desirable traits.

Question 49

Define mixed crop-livestock agriculture.

Answer 49

An agricultural system that combines the cultivation of crops with the raising of livestock. ## Footnote This practice can enhance soil fertility and farm sustainability.

Question 50

What is value-added specialty crop?

Answer 50

Crops that have been processed or enhanced to increase their market value. ## Footnote Examples include organic produce or products like jams and sauces.

Question 51

What is double cropping?

Answer 51

The practice of growing two crops in the same field during a single growing season. ## Footnote It maximizes land use and can increase overall yield.

Question 52

Define monocropping.

Answer 52

The agricultural practice of growing a single crop over a wide area. ## Footnote Monocropping can lead to soil depletion and increased pest problems.

Question 53

Who is Von Thünen?

Answer 53

A German economist known for his model explaining agricultural land use patterns. ## Footnote The Von Thünen model emphasizes the importance of transportation costs.