204 Hair Structure Flashcards
(38 cards)
What is the hair structure made of
Protein called keratin
What is the PH of the scalp and hair
4.5 to 5.5
Detail the physical characteristics of the cuticle
Overlapping colourless scales
12 layers
Lays flat from root to point
What does the cuticle do
Protect inner structure of the hair
Smooth cuticle equals…
Healthy hair
What opens the hair cuticle
What closes the hair cuticle
Weak alkaline open cuticle
Weak acids close cuticle
What is the medula, what does it do
No known structure
Rarely found in fine hair
Describe the main characteristics of the cortex
Main structure of the hair
Give hair pigment & melanin
The cortex polypeptide chains are held together by what
Permanent and temporary hydrogen bonds
Where do non chemical and chemical changes take place
Cortex
Describe how the hair strand looks
Outer layer is the cuticle (jagged edges)
Rectangle inner layer is cortex
Skinny rectangle in the middle is medula
What is the natural state of the hair called
Alpha keratin
What is hair that has been temporarily changed called
Beta keratin
What are the pros and cons of using hot water
Removes dirt/ oil build up
Causes frizz
Makes colour fade fast
Makes hair dry and brittle
What are the pros and cons of using cold water
Seals moisture
Increases shine
Makes hair flat and less bouncy
Smooths hair
What has characteristics of a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
Soapless shampoo molecule
What will the head of soapless shampoo molecule attach itself to
Water
What will the tail of soapless shampoo molecule do
Lift debris and dirt from hair and scalp
What is emulsion
When soap and shampoo act together and form a lather
Another word for shampoo
Surfactant
What does surfactant do
Separate oil molecules so they’re no long attracted to each other
Effects of mode of action with surfactant in hair
Surfactant creates micelle around oil and dirt ready to be removed from skin and hair
Effects of rinsing after emulsion with surfactant
Micelles containing oil and surfactant are eliminated with water
What is effleurage
Stroking movement using palms of hands
Can be used on any hair or density
