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Neuro Exam 1 > Neck: Anterior and Posterior Triangles > Flashcards

Neck: Anterior and Posterior Triangles Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries of posterior triangle

A 
roof - cervical investing fascia
anterior - SCM
posterior - trapezius
inferior - clavicle
floor - prevertebral fascia covering neck muscles
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2
Q

division of posterior triangle

A

by omohyoid muscle

superior - occipital triangle
inferior - omoclavicular (supraclavicular) triangles

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3
Q

contents of posterior triangle

A

external jugular

cutaneous nerves - lesser occipital, greater auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular nn.

spinal accessory nerve

brachial plexus

inferior belly omohyoid

third portion of subclavian artery, transverse cervical, suprascapular, dosral scapular, occipital arteries

deep cervical lymph nodes

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4
Q

spinal accessory nerve

A

CN XI
GSE

runs along floor of posterior triangle

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5
Q

what does CN XI innervate

A

trapezius and SCM

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6
Q

subtrapezial plexus

A

ventral rami C3 and 4

spinal accessory nerve

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7
Q

investing fascia

A

covers trap and SCM

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8
Q

brachial plexus

A

ventral rami spinal nerves C5-T1

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9
Q

course of brachial plexus

A

roots pass between anterior and middle scalene muscle

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10
Q

scalene triangle

A

between anterior and middle scalene muscles

passage of brachial plexus and subclavian artery

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11
Q

hypertrophy of scalenes

A

thoracic outlet syndrome

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12
Q

fascia covering scalenes

A

prevertebral layer

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13
Q

dorsal scapular nerve

A

C5
passes through middle scalene to surface of levator scapulae

descendings to rhomboid muscles

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14
Q

accessory phrenic nerve

A

branch of C5
descends parallel to phrenic nerve
on lateral surface of anterior scalene muscles

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15
Q

nerve to subclavius

A

from upper trunk (C5 - 6)

descend anterior to brachial plexus and posterior to clavicle to enter subclavius

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16
Q

suprascapular nerve

A

C5,6
upper trunk
parallels course of suprascapular vessels to area of scapular notch to innervate supra and infraspinatus muscles

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17
Q

long thoracic nerve

A

C5,6,7

join dorsal to brachial plexus and descend into axilla on lateral surface of serattus anterior muscle

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18
Q

innervation of scalenes

A

collective branches from C5-8

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19
Q

end at

A

bottom of page 35
slide 16
lecture time 30:34

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20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
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28
Q

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29
Q

boundaries of anterior triangle

A 
SCM
line
mandible
roof - investing fascia
floor - visceral compartment neck
30
Q

sling of digastric

A

infrahyoid fascia on hyoid bone

31
Q

attachments of digastric

A

mandible to mastoid

-sling in middle

32
Q

innervation of digastric

A

anterior - mylohyoid nerve - CN V3

posterior - digastric branch of facial nerve

33
Q

action of digastric

A

elevate hyoid and base of tongue

assists in opening mouth

34
Q

attachments stylohyoid

A

styloid process to hyoid

35
Q

action of stylohyoid

A

elevates and retracts hyoid and base of tongue

36
Q

innervation of stylohyoid

A

digastric branch of facial nerve

37
Q

muscles that get nerves from digastric branch of facial nerve

A

stylohyoid and posterior digastric

38
Q

muscles that get nerves from mylohyoid nerve (V3)

A

mylohyoid and anteiror digastric

39
Q

attachements of mylohyoid

A

base of chin

with midline

40
Q

action of mylohyoid

A

elevate hyoid and floor of mouth

hyoid fixed - depress mandible

41
Q

innervation of mylohyoid

A

nerve to mylohyoid

V3 branch

42
Q

attachments of sternohyoid

A

sternum to hyoid

depress hyoid

43
Q

innervation of sternohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus

44
Q

attachment of sternothyroid

A

sternum to thyroid

45
Q

action of sternothyroid

A

depres thyroid

46
Q

innervation of sternothyroid

A

ansa cervicalis

47
Q

thyrohyoid

A

thyroid to hyoid

elevates larynx or depresses hyoid

48
Q

innervation of thyrohyoid

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve***

49
Q

strap muscles

A

sternothyroid
sternohyoid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid

50
Q

omohyoid

A

sling of investing fascia

hyoid to scapula

51
Q

action of omohyoid

A

stabilizes, retracts, and depression hyoid and larynx

52
Q

innervation of omohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis

53
Q

C cells

A

secrete calcitonin

54
Q

level of thyroid isthmus

A

rings 2,3,4

55
Q

capsule of thyroid

A

pre-tracheal fascia

56
Q

pyramidal

A

remnant of thyroglossal duct

57
Q

superior thyroid artery

A

external carotid artery

58
Q

branches of superior thyroid artery

A

superior laryngeal artery
anterior branch - anastomose with opposite side
posterior branch - anastomose inferior thyroid artery

59
Q

inferior thyroid artery

A

from thyrocervical trunk

anastomose with posterior branch of superior thyroid

60
Q

thyroid ima artery

A

branch of brachiocephalic or aorta

-to thyroid gland

61
Q

tracheostomy

A

may cut thyroid ima

62
Q

venous drainage of thyroid

A

superior thyroid vein - internal jugular vein
middle thyroid vein - internal jugular vein
inferior thyroid vein - to right and left brachiocephalic veins

may fuse - form thyroid ima vein - LEFT brachiocephalic

63
Q

lymph drain of thyroid

A

superior
-prelayngea - superior deep cervical
inferior
-pretracheal - paratracheal - inferior deep cervical

64
Q

innervation of thyroid

A

preganglionic sympathetic - T1-4

postganglionic sympathetic - superior, middle, cervicothoracic ganglia (stellate)

65
Q

parathyroid glands

A

secrete PTH
beneath capsule of thyroid on its dorsal srface
2-6 in pairs

cut them off = DEATH

66
Q

trachealis

A

posteriorly to trachea because they are C-shaped rings that don’t go around in circle

67
Q

blood supply to trachea and esophagus

A

inferior thyroid artery

inferior thyroid veins

68
Q

lymph of trachea

A

juxtavisceral nodes

69
Q

innervation of trachea

A

sympathetics - sympathetic trunk

parasympathetic - vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve

70
Q

beginning of esophagus

A

CV6

Neuro Exam 1 (17 decks)

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