Week 4: Dynamics of Intergroup Inequality and Minority Group Responses

Question 1

Paternalistic To Rigid Competitive:

Paternalistic Race Relations (Slavery) –> Rigid Competitive Race Relations (Jim Crow Laws)

Answer 1

• Civil War, end of slavery
• shift from agricultural to industrial economy
• reconstruction: 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
• competition for jobs
• reactionary measures: Ku Klux Klan, violence, laws demanding segregation
• Plessy v. Ferguson: “separate but equal” doctrine
• physical distance instead of social distance

Question 2

Rigid Competitive

Answer 2

• high level of migration of Blacks, Europeans, and Asians to Northern cities
• intense prejudice, discrimination, and violence against minorities
• dual-wage systems
• minorities worked as strikebeakers
• legal discrimination (Jim Crow Laws)

Question 3

Rigid to Fluid Competitive:

Rigid Competitive Race Relations (Jim Crow Laws) –> Fluid Competitive Race Relations (1945-present)

Answer 3

Industrialization
- economic irrationality of discrimination
Urbanization
- improved condition for Social Movements
Rising educational levels
- less discrimination, greater assertiveness
Economic growth
- less competitive and threats

Question 4

Fluid Competive

Answer 4

Legal changes

• challenges “separate but equal” doctrine
• Brown vs. Brown of Education
• Civil Rights Laws
• Enforcement of restrictive housing covenants made illegal

Today

• discrimination with a smile
• cultural racism and symbolic racism

Question 5

Adaptive Responses

Answer 5

Acceptance
- adopt the dominant ideology, feel nothing can be changed, or pretend to accept

Displaced Aggression or Scapegoating
- violence against others from same racial group, against oneself, or against other minority groups

Avoidance
- escape reality (alcohol and drug use)

Assimilation
- attempt to be part of and accepted in the majority

Question 6

Change-oriented Responses

Answer 6

• change the nature of majority-minority relations or the role of minorities in the system

Goals

• complete assimilation
• develop independent minority society and culture

Strategies

• legal: lawsuits, elections, legal strikes and protests
• illegal: illegal peaceful or violent protests, riots

Question 7

Conditions for Social Movement:

Urbanization

Answer 7

• relative deprivation
• communication
• sense of efficacy

Question 8

Conditions for Social Movement:

Economic Growth

Answer 8

• resources

- sense of efficacy

Question 9

Conditions for Social Movement:

Mass communication

Answer 9

• relative deprivation
• communication
• sense of efficacy
• leadership

Question 10

Conditions for Social Movement:

Rising Educational Levels

Answer 10

• relative deprivation
• sense of efficacy
• leadership

Question 11

Conditions for Social Movement:

International Change

Answer 11

• resources

- sense of efficacy