Chap 18

Question 0

What can be created from 1,3 dithiane ?

Answer 0

Keytones and aldehydes

Question 1

1,3-dithiane is a cyclic ring with what two atoms a the 1 and 3 positions

Answer 1

Sulfur

Question 2

The first step in creating a keytone with 1,3 dithiane is

Answer 2

Removing a hydrogen with a strong base

Question 3

After removing a hydrogen from 1,3 dithiane what must be done to the anion to create a keytone?

Answer 3

Alkyl halides are added to mixture so the anions will attack the alkyl group

Question 4

What reagents must be added to the alkylated dithiane to create a keytone.

Answer 4

H+

Mercury dichlorate ( HgCl2)

H2O

Question 5

What’s the first step in creating a keytone from a Carboxylic acid

Answer 5

Removing the hydrogen form the acid and creating a lithium complex in its place.

Question 6

What compound can be used in the first step to create a keytone from a Carboxylic acid

Answer 6

Methyl lithium

Question 7

The second step of the Carboxylic acid to keytone consists of

Answer 7

Adding a alkyl group to to the central carbon with an Organo lithium or grignard.

Question 8

After adding an alkyl group what must be done to create a germinal diol

Answer 8

Addition of the oxygens with acid

Question 9

The last step of the Carboxylic acid to keytone reaction is

Answer 9

The geminal diol reconfiguring to a keytone

Question 10

What is the first step in creating Keytones from alkyl nitriles

Answer 10

Addition of anlkyl group to the 1carbon of the nitrile with a grignard

Question 11

After adding a grignard to the nitrile what is the last step in creating the keytone

Answer 11

Addition of H3O+

Question 12

What are the reagents for creating a keytone from an alkyl nitrile

Answer 12

Grignard reagent
Alkyl nitrile
H3O+

Question 13

Acid chloride can be reduced to an aldehyde with what long complex reactant

Answer 13

Lithium tri-tert- butoxyaluminiumhydride ( Li+ -AlH(O-t-Bu)3 )

Question 14

Acid chloride can be reduced to a keytone with what

Answer 14

Lithium dialkylculprates ( R2 CuLi)

R = any alkyl group.

Question 15

What is the main point of a witting reaction

Answer 15

Converts Keytones and aldehydes to alkenes

Question 16

The witting reaction uses what reactants

Answer 16

Keytone or aldehyde

Ylide

Question 17

What is a ylide

Answer 17

Tri phenyl phosphorus stabilized Carbanion

Question 18

What is involved in a ylide synthesis

Answer 18

Tri phenyl phosphine attacks an alkyl halide to produce a phosphonium salt.

A strong base ( butyl lithium) reacts with the salt to produce the ylide

Question 19

In acid conditions H2O and an aldehyde or keytone create what

Answer 19

Keytone hydrate

Question 20

What compound is the hydrate of a keytone

Answer 20

Germinal diol

Question 21

A hydrate can be created in basic conditions with

Answer 21

-OH

Question 22

What reactants for a cyanohydrin

Answer 22

Aldehyde or Keytones

Cynide -CN

Question 23

Imine synthesis is a result of what reagents

Answer 23

Keytones or aldehyde

Ammonia( NH3)
Alkyl amine  (R-NH2)

Question 24

Formation of acetals and Keytols requires

Answer 24

2 equivalents of alcohol
Keytone or aldehydes
H+

Question 25

A ketone and One equivalent of alcohol will produce what

Answer 25

Hemiketol

Question 26

What is the product a diol and an aldehyde

Answer 26

Cyclic acetal

Question 27

Ramey Ni will reduce a Keytones to what

Answer 27

Alcohol

Question 28

Clemmonson reduction requires what reactants

Answer 28

Zn(Hg)
HCl
H2O

Question 29

What is hydrazine

Answer 29

Carbon double bonded to a nitrogen which is attached to an amine

Question 30

What is the purpose of a wolf kisher reduction.

Answer 30

Fully reduce a Keytone to a methyl

Question 31

Silver oxide. (Ag2O). Is what

Answer 31

Oxidizing agent.

Question 32

Wolff kisher reduction requires how many steps.

Answer 32

2

Question 33

What is the first step of the kisher reduction

Answer 33

Addition of a di amine to a Keytone to produce hydrzone

Question 34

The second step of the kisher reduction is to

Answer 34

Remove the di amine witha strong base

Question 35

What is created after the second step of the kisher reduction

Answer 35

Fully reduced Keytone.

Question 36

Trolleys test looks for what in an unknown mixture

Answer 36

Aldehydes

Question 37

What is used is a tollens test

Answer 37

2 Ag(NH2)2

3 OH-

Question 38

How does the tollens test confirm there is aldehydes

Answer 38

Create a silver mirror effect