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hist115 > L11 Age of Experimentation > Flashcards

L11 Age of Experimentation Flashcards

1
Q

Francis Bacon

A
  • English
  • developed Baconian system
  • New method (experimentalism) to undermine aristotle
  • pubished “instauratio magna”
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2
Q

-9 levels, universal system for collecting knowledge

A

Baconian system

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3
Q

Bacon’s 5 rules and methods for which laws of nature will be discovered…

A
  1. Repeatable experiments
  2. Reductionism
  3. Objectivity
  4. Public witnessing
  5. Scientific publications
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4
Q

Royal Society uses Baconian System

A

1633

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5
Q

Isaac Newton

A
  • “The holy other”
  • english
  • invents fluxions (calculus) and the laws of gravity and motion
  • started his own religion
  • published: “principia”, and “optics”
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6
Q

1666

A

Newton invents fluxions (calculus), and laws of gravity and motion
-the ‘anno mirabilis’

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7
Q
  • “The holy other”
  • english
  • invents fluxions (calculus) and the laws of gravity and motion
  • started his own religion
  • published: “principia”, and “optics”
A

Isaac Newton

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8
Q

1687

  • published by Newton
  • newtonian laws were universal
A

The “principia”

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9
Q

“De Magnate” published by William Gilbert

A

1600

-published in english

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10
Q

200 BC Egyptian/Greek

-how to fake gold

A

“Physical and Mystical”

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11
Q

1600

-published in english

A

“De Magnate” published by William Gilbert

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12
Q

1665

A

Plague, university closed for Newton

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13
Q

Newton publicly states that he will not publish anything until Hooke is dead

A

c. 1690

- over the reflective telescope

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14
Q

English is universal language of science because…

A

“Optics” published in english by newton, and had huge impact

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15
Q
  • born from trying to make spoiled meat edible: use spices
  • need gold to import spices form the east
  • alchemy to create gold.
A

What is Alchemy?

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16
Q

c. 1690

- over the reflective telescope

A

Newton publicly states that he will not publish anything until Hooke is dead

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17
Q

Hooke dies

A

1703

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18
Q

1679

A

Robert Hooke asks Newton about movement of planets

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19
Q

Goals of Alchemy

A
  • Immortality by producing elixir of life/philosopher’s stone
  • transfer of base metals into gold
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20
Q

Alchemy is important to modern science because…

A
  • experimented and produced practical products (perfumes/dyes)
  • same principle as chemistry
  • famous scientists did alchemy
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21
Q

Robert Hooke asks Newton about movement of planets

A

1679

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22
Q

James Price

A
  • The last alchemist
  • English
  • published “making gold from mercury”
  • killed himself before public demonstration of transmutation
23
Q

Giordano Bruno

A

1600 burned alive for going against Roman Catholic Church

24
Q

Birth of modern science

A

1704

  • publishing of “optics” by newton
  • english became universal language of science
25
Q

William Gilbert

A

1600 published “De Magnate”

  • english
  • magnetism and relation to electricity
  • used repeatable experments to prove theories
26
Q

850 AD by Razi Al

-fake transmutation of various metals into gold

A

“The secrets of secrets”

27
Q
  • experimented and produced practical products (perfumes/dyes)
  • same principle as chemistry
  • famous scientists did alchemy
A

Alchemy is important to modern science because…

28
Q

Betty Dobbs

A

Discovered that newton did a lot of work in alchemy, not allowed to publish the info by the gatekeepers of knowledge

29
Q

1600

burned alive for going against Roman Catholic Church

A

Giordano Bruno

30
Q

“Philosophical Transactions”

A

1665

the first scientific journal

31
Q

The “principia”

A

1687

  • published by Newton
  • newtonian laws were universal
32
Q

Newton invents fluxions (calculus), and laws of gravity and motion
-the ‘anno mirabilis’

A

1666

33
Q

1600 published “De Magnate”–english-magnetism and relation to electricity-used repeatable experments to prove theories

A

William Gilbert

34
Q

1703

A

Hooke dies

35
Q

1633

A

Royal Society uses Baconian System

36
Q
  • english
  • developed Baconian system
  • New method (experimentalism) to undermine aristotle
  • pubished “instauratio magna”
A

Francis Bacon

37
Q

Baconian system

A

-9 levels, universal system for collecting knowledge

38
Q

“Physical and Mystical”

A

200 BC Egyptian/Greek-how to fake gold

39
Q

Academy of Sciences

A

1666 France

40
Q

“Instauratio Magna”

A

1620 by Francis Bacon

41
Q

“The secrets of secrets”

A

850 AD by Razi Al

-fake transmutation of various metals into gold

42
Q
  • The last alchemist
  • English
  • published “making gold from mercury”
  • killed himself before public demonstration of transmutation
A

James Price

43
Q

Discovered that newton did a lot of work in alchemy, not allowed to publish the info by the gatekeepers of knowledge

A

Betty Dobbs

44
Q

1665, the first scientific journal

A

“Philosophical Transactions”

45
Q

Plague, university closed for Newton

A

1665

46
Q

“Optics” published in english by newton, and had huge impact

A

English is universal language of science because…

47
Q

“Optics” published by Newton

A

1704

48
Q
  • Immortality by producing elixir of life/philosopher’s stone
  • transfer of base metals into gold
A

Goals of Alchemy

49
Q

1620 by Francis Bacon

A

“Instauratio Magna”

50
Q

1704

A

“Optics” published by Newton

51
Q

1704

  • publishing of “optics” by newton
  • english became universal language of science
A

Birth of modern science

52
Q

1666 France

A

Academy of Sciences

53
Q

What is Alchemy?

A
  • born from trying to make spoiled meat edible: use spices
  • need gold to import spices form the east
  • alchemy to create gold.
54
Q
  1. Repeatable experiments
  2. Reductionism
  3. Objectivity
  4. Public witnessing
  5. Scientific publications
A

Bacon’s 5 rules and methods for which laws of nature will be discovered…

hist115 (16 decks)

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