21. Anticoagulants Flashcards Preview

semester 4 - CPT & Prescribing > 21. Anticoagulants > Flashcards

Flashcards in 21. Anticoagulants Deck (9)
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1
Q

describe haemostasis?

A

Essential for life
Limits bleeding following injury – adhesion and activation of platelets and fibrin formation
haemostatic plug + fibrin mesh → stable bleeding control

2
Q

define thrombosis

A

pathological haemostasis – in the absence of bleeding things gone wrong

3
Q

give 4 examples of Thromboembolic diseases

A
  • deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)
  • transient ischaemic attacks (TIA), ischaemic stroke
  • myocardial infarction (MI)
  • consequence of atrial fibrillation (AF)
4
Q

compare Venous and intracardiac thrombosis to arterial thrombosis

A

Venous and intracardiac thrombosis driven largely by coagulation cascade and fibrin

arterial thrombus - mainly platelet rich

5
Q

role of Anticoagulant drugs?

A

Prevent thrombus formation and thrombus growing

6
Q

What is the intrinsic pathway?

A

Factors found in blood begin cascade (exposed collagen):

XII → XI → IX → X → II → I (fibrinogen)

7
Q

What is the extrinsic pathway?

A

Activated by tissue factor (factor III) released by endothelial cells:
VII → X → II → I

8
Q

How are coagulation factors present in the blood?

A

Present as inactive zymogens

9
Q

why is regulation of the coagulation cascade essential?

A

to prevent solidification of all blood