2.1: General Anatomy of the Respiratory System Flashcards
(116 cards)
______is the study of the organs and structures of the human body visible to the naked eye.
Gross anatomy
What is Gross anatomy?
the study of the organs and structures of the human body visible to the naked eye.
When looking at the lungs from a gross anatomical perspective, the lungs are ___1___ and found in the ___2___.
- paired
- chest cavity
Are the lungs symmetrical?
No.
How many Lobes does the RIGHT lung have and what are they?
The right lung has three lobes:
superior
middle
inferior
How many Lobes does the LEFT lung have and what are they?
The left has two lobes:
superior
inferior
The asymmetry of the lungs is due what?
The position of the heart, which is situated slightly to the left of the median plane.
What is the “Root” of the lung?
The Hilum is known as the “root” of the lung.
What is the Hilum?
This is where the pulmonary vessels and bronchi enter each lung
Describe the color and texture of a Healthy Lung.
Healthy lung tissue has a very light texture and is peachy/pink in color.
Anterior view: Gross anatomy of lungs. The right lung has three lobes (superior, middle, inferior) while the left lung has two lobes (superior, inferior). The right and left lung both have oblique fissures separating the lobes. The right lung also has a horizontal fissure separating the superior and middle lobes.
View of Hilum (root) of right lung. The hilum (highlighted in blue) is where the pulmonary vessels and bronchi enter through each lung.
The ______ are membranes that cover the surface of the lung and the cavity surrounding the lungs.
pleurae
What are pleurae?
Membranes that cover the surface of the lung and the cavity surrounding the lungs.
The ______ directly covers the lungs.
visceral pleura
What does the visceral pleura cover?
The visceral pleura directly covers the lungs
The ______ covers the surfaces surrounding the lungs: the rib cage, diaphragm, and mediastinum.
parietal pleura
The parietal pleura covers the surfaces surrounding the lungs which are what?
rib cage
diaphragm
mediastinum
The space that is formed between the pleurae is called the ______.
pleural space(or cavity)
What is the pleural space(or cavity)?
The space that is formed between the pleurae
Normally, the ______ is empty except for a scant amount of fluid. However, in the diseased state, this cavity can fill with air or fluids.
pleural space(or cavity)
What does the Pleurae actually do?
The pleurae reduce friction and provide a negative pressure environment needed for lung inflation. It also helps to pull the lungs open with the chest wall during inhalation.
The anatomical organization of the respiratory system allows the respiratory system to perform what three main functions?
1) air conduction
2) air filtration
3) exchange of gases
The third step in the anatomical organization of the respiratory system, the exchange of gases step, is also called what?
This third step is also called respiration.