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PSIO201 > 2.1 Respiratory Anatomy > Flashcards

2.1 Respiratory Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Function and location of simple squamous epithelium

A

Diffusion, alveoli

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2
Q

Function and location of simple stratified epithelium

A

Protective barrier, lining of mouth and esophagus

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3
Q

Function and location of pseudostratified collated columnar epithelium

A

Secretion if mucus, lining of nasal cavity and trachea

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4
Q

Function and location of hyaline cartilage

A

Flexibility and support, nose, larynx, trachea

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5
Q

Function and location of elastic cartilage

A

Strength and elasticity, epiglottis

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6
Q

Function of respiratory system

A

-move air in and out of body
-clean, warm, humidify air
-gas exchange
-olfaction
-pH balance
-BP regulation

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7
Q

External Naris

A

Upper

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8
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Upper, pseudo stratified ciliated columnar

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9
Q

Internal naris

A

Upper, pseudo stratified ciliated columnar

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10
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Upper, pseudo stratified ciliated columnar

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11
Q

Oropharynx

A

Upper, stratified squamous

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12
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Upper, stratified squamous

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13
Q

Larynx

A

Lower conducting, pseudostratified ciliated columnar

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14
Q

Trachea

A

Lower conducting, pseudostratified ciliated columnar

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15
Q

Primary bronchi

A

Lower conducting, pseudostratified ciliated columnar

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16
Q

Secondary bronchi

A

Lower conducting, simple columnar

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17
Q

Tertiary bronchi

A

Lower conducting, Simple cuboidal

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18
Q

Bronchiole

A

Lower respiratory, simple cuboidal

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19
Q

Terminal bronchiole

A

Lower respiratory, simple cuboidal

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20
Q

Respiratory bronchiole

A

Lower respiratory, simple cuboidal

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21
Q

Alveolar ducts

A

Lower respiratory, simple squamous

22
Q

Alveolar sac

A

Lower respiratory, simple squamous

23
Q

Alveoli

A

Lower respiratory, simple squamous

24
Q

Arytenoid cartilage

A

Paired, A shape attached to corniculate

25
Q

Cuneiform cartilage

A

Paired, bump on epiglottis base

26
Q

Corniculate cartilage

A

Paired, tip of A shape attached to arytenoid

27
Q

Vestibular fold

A

False vocal chord, superior

28
Q

Vocal fold

A

True vocal chord, inferior

29
Q

Carina

A

Ridge between branches of primary bronchi in trachea that directs air into bronchi

30
Q

Hilum

A

Area of lungs where vessels, nerves, and primary bronchi enter/exit (in superior lobe)

31
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Superficial, lines thoracic cavity

32
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Between serous membranes

33
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Inferior, lines lungs

34
Q

Why are there two separate pleural cavities? (One for each lung)

A

Prevents/contains the spread of infection from one lung to another

35
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

(Collapsed lung) Air enters pleural space and can’t leave, from spontaneous or traumatic causes; puts pressure on lung, trachea, heart, etc

36
Q

Atelectasis

A

Complete or partial collapse of a lobe of the lung; adhesive, obstructive, compressive

37
Q

Respiratory membrane

A

Barrier between alveolar air and blood; alveolar cell, basement membrane, endothelial cell

38
Q

Trachealis muscle

A

Smooth muscle between trachea and esophagus connecting tracheal cartilage; stabilizes trachea

39
Q

Muscles used in forced inhalation

A

Diaphragm, external intercostals, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor

40
Q

Muscles used in forced exhalation

A

Internal intercostals, external and internal obliques, transverse rectus abdominis

41
Q

Muscles used in quiet inhalation

A

Diaphragm, external intercostals

42
Q

Muscles used in quiet exhalation

A

None

43
Q

Tidal volume

A

The amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breath (500 mL)

44
Q

Inspiration Reserve Volume

A

The maximum amount of air inhaled after normal inhalation

45
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume

A

The maximum amount of air that be exhaled after normal exhalation

46
Q

Residual Volume

A

The amount of air left in the lungs after max exhalation; prevents lung from collapsing

47
Q

Inspiratory Capacity

A

IC = TV + IRV

48
Q

Functional Residual Capacity

A

FRC = RV + ERV

49
Q

Vital Capacity

A

VC = IRV + TV + ERV

50
Q

Total Lung Capacity

A

TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV

51
Q

Antibody/Immunoglobulin

A

Proteins that play a role in defense against antigens; antibody monomers composed to two heavy chains and two light chains of amino acids (5 classes are IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM based on C regions)

52
Q

Antigen

A

Any molecule that triggers an immune response (specifically the epitope regions) to stimulate production of antibodies; haptens can bind to host molecule to act as antigen

PSIO201 (1 decks)

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