21. Sleep Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
How long is the sleep cycle in newborns?
A
About 60 minutes
2
Q
As people age, the sleep cycle typically lengthens to how many minutes?
A
90-100 minutes
3
Q
What are the stages of sleep?
A
W (awake), N1 (drowsy), N2 (light sleep), N3 (deep sleep), REM
4
Q
Which stage of sleep is associated with drowsiness?
A
N1
5
Q
Which sleep stage is referred to as ‘light sleep’?
A
N2
6
Q
What is the main role of deep sleep (N3)?
A
Physical restoration
7
Q
REM sleep is important for what type of processing?
A
Memory consolidation
8
Q
List two key purposes of sleep.
A
Maintain metabolic-caloric balance and immune competence
9
Q
True or False: Sleep helps stabilize learned material.
A
True
10
Q
Name one benefit of adequate sleep in children.
A
Improved attention, behavior, learning, memory, or emotional regulation
11
Q
Inadequate sleep in teenagers and adults can lead to which of the following?
A
Cognitive decline
12
Q
Name one major risk associated with inadequate sleep for age.
A
Hypertension, depression, obesity, or cognitive decline
13
Q
SUID stands for:
A
Sudden Unexpected Infant Death
14
Q
At what age is the risk of SIDS highest?
A
2-3 months
15
Q
True or False: SIDS is more common in males than females.
A
True
16
Q
What sleeping position is recommended to reduce the risk of SIDS?
A
Back to sleep
17
Q
According to the AAP, where should infants sleep?
A
In a separate crib or bassinet in the parents’ room
18
Q
Which item should NOT be in an infant’s crib?
A
Blanket
19
Q
True or False: Infants should avoid exposure to smoke and alcohol.
A
True
20
Q
The AAP recommends offering a pacifier at which times to help reduce SIDS risk?
A
Nap time and bedtime
21
Q
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?
A
Elevated sleep position
22
Q
List one cause of SIDS.
A
Prone sleeping, sleep apnea, smoking exposure, overheating, etc.
23
Q
What two types of sleep apnea are common in older adults?
A
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Central Sleep Apnea
24
Q
Define insomnia.
A
Difficulty with sleep initiation, duration, or quality, causing impairment during the day
25
List a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea.
Increased body mass, large neck circumference, or decreased muscle tone
26
Central sleep apnea differs from obstructive sleep apnea by:
Lack of ventilatory effort
27
Name one factor that increases the risk of insomnia.
Depression, anxiety, older age, or female sex
28
Insomnia is particularly common in individuals with which occupation-related disorder?
Shift work disorder
29
Which condition is NOT associated with increased insomnia risk?
SIDS
30
What is a good sleep hygiene habit for children regarding screen use?
Turn off screens 30 minutes before bedtime
31
'Brush, Book, Bed' is an AAP-recommended sleep routine for which group?
Children
32
Adults are advised to avoid consuming what substance close to bedtime?
Alcohol
33
True or False: Napping during the day is recommended for adults with insomnia.
False
34
Name one sleep hygiene recommendation for adults.
Keep a regular sleep/wake schedule, avoid caffeine, limit screen time, etc.
35
What should you do if you cannot fall asleep within 20 minutes?
Get out of bed and do something quiet and relaxing
36
According to the APTA, physical therapists should screen for what type of dysfunction in patients?
Sleep dysfunction
37
Which intervention is part of stimulus-control therapy?
Get out of bed if not asleep in 20 minutes
38
True or False: Patients undergoing stimulus-control therapy should nap during the day.
False
39
Physical therapists help educate patients on the relationship between sleep and which of the following?
Pain, physical activity, and health
40
For older adults, what is an important part of maintaining healthy sleep habits?
Getting up at the same time each morning
41
Which type of sleep apnea is most associated with an anatomical obstruction in the airway?
Obstructive sleep apnea
42
Define 'insomnia' in one word.
Sleeplessness
43
What is the term used for sleep apnea where ventilatory effort is absent?
Central sleep apnea
44
What is the primary difference between central and obstructive sleep apnea?
Ventilatory effort is absent in central sleep apnea
45
Why is adequate sleep important for memory?
It consolidates and stabilizes learned material
46
True or False: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with changes in airway anatomy.
True
47
Name one of the health risks that increases in teenage years due to inadequate sleep.
Increased injuries, hypertension, or obesity
48
List two health issues associated with sleep deprivation in adults.
Hypertension and depression
49
What is one recommendation to avoid SIDS risk related to the sleeping environment?
Use a crib or bassinet with a firm surface and tight-fitting sheets
50
Why should blankets be avoided in an infant's crib?
They pose a risk of suffocation
51
True or False: Insomnia affects around 30-40% of adults over the age of 65.
True
52
Which group has the highest incidence of SIDS?
American Indian/Alaska Native
53
Which group has the lowest incidence of SIDS?
Asian/Pacific Islander
54
What is one official AAP recommendation for infant sleep safety?
Sleep in the same room as parents but on a separate surface
55
List one factor that contributes to infant sleep concerns.
SIDS, suffocation, or sleep apnea
56
What are some key risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome?
Prone sleeping, overheating, and exposure to smoking
57
Name one cause of irregular sleep regulation in infants.
Irregular brain center regulation
58
Why is back sleeping recommended for infants?
It reduces the risk of SIDS
59
What is the primary benefit of 'tummy time' for infants?
Facilitates development while supervised and awake
60
True or False: Ventilatory effort is present during an obstructive sleep apnea event.
True
61
Which risk factor for sleep apnea is particularly associated with physical characteristics?
Large neck circumference
62
Obesity is a risk factor for which type of sleep disorder?
Obstructive sleep apnea
63
Which type of apnea is commonly related to airway collapse?
Obstructive sleep apnea
64
Why should screens be turned off before bedtime in children?
To improve sleep hygiene and promote better sleep quality
65
True or False: A consistent sleep schedule is a key part of good sleep hygiene.
True
66
For adults, what should the bed be used for according to sleep hygiene guidelines?
Only for sleep and sex
67
How long should someone wait before getting out of bed if they cannot sleep?
20 minutes
68
Why should adults avoid caffeine close to bedtime?
Caffeine can interfere with sleep onset
69
Which demographic is particularly affected by sleep disorders like insomnia?
Older adults and shift workers
70
What common medication side effect can impact sleep?
Certain medications can cause wakefulness
71
Why is exercise recommended as a part of sleep hygiene for adults?
Exercise can improve sleep quality but should not be done immediately before bed
72
List two conditions that can contribute to insomnia.
Depression and anxiety
73
Why should older adults avoid naps if they have difficulty sleeping at night?
Naps can interfere with the ability to sleep at night
74
True or False: Exposure to sunlight during the day can help improve sleep quality.
True
75
What sleep stage is important for physical restoration?
Deep sleep (N3)
76
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
Melatonin
77
What should adults do if they wake up during the night and can't fall back asleep?
Get out of bed and do something quiet and relaxing
78
True or False: Physical therapists may refer patients to sleep medicine professionals.
True
79
Why is an adequate amount of REM sleep important?
It aids in emotional regulation and memory processing
80
What is one reason why sleep might be disrupted in caregivers for ill family members?
Increased stress and irregular sleep schedules
81
What is 'sleep hygiene'?
Practices and habits that promote regular, restful sleep
82
Which intervention is recommended by the APTA for physical therapists related to sleep?
Implement therapeutic interventions to improve sleep quality
83
True or False: All children should have a bedtime routine to establish sleep hygiene.
True
84
Which factor is a major risk for obstructive sleep apnea but not central sleep apnea?
Increased body mass or central obesity
85
Why might lower socioeconomic status contribute to sleep problems?
It is associated with higher stress and potentially fewer resources for maintaining sleep hygiene
86
What is a potential consequence of not addressing sleep dysfunction in therapy patients?
Reduced therapy outcomes due to impaired healing and recovery
87
True or False: Smoking during pregnancy is linked to higher risks of SIDS.
True
88
Why is the neck circumference relevant in assessing sleep apnea risk?
A larger neck circumference may indicate increased airway obstruction risk
89
What is one reason infants under one year are at risk for SUID?
Immature respiratory and sleep regulation systems
90
True or False: It is recommended to place an infant on a soft mattress to reduce SIDS risk.
False
91
What is the benefit of using a pacifier for infants at nap time?
It may reduce the risk of SIDS
92
Which aspect of sleep does 'N1' refer to?
The drowsy stage of sleep
93
Why should home monitors not be used to prevent SIDS?
They are not proven to reduce the risk and may create false security
94
Which of the following can contribute to disrupted sleep in older adults?
Apnea, nocturia, or insomnia
95
How does GERD (acid reflux) potentially impact sleep?
It may cause discomfort and frequent waking
96
Name one physiological effect of inadequate sleep.
Hypertension or increased stress hormone levels
97
Why should exercise not be done immediately before bed?
It can increase alertness and delay sleep onset
98
What is the recommended response if an adult experiences difficulty falling asleep?
Engage in a quiet and relaxing activity outside the bedroom
99
What is a sign of obstructive sleep apnea during sleep?
Snoring and pauses in breathing
100
True or False: Daytime sleepiness is a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea.
True
