2.1 Tongariro Volcanic Centre- Aspect 2

Question 1

Annual Rainfall- Western Slopes

Answer 1

2838mm (or 2800mm)

Question 2

Rainfall- Western Foothills

Answer 2

1320mm (or 1300mm)

Question 3

Rainfall- Mountain Peaks

Answer 3

3900mm

Question 4

Rainfall- Eastern Slopes

Answer 4

1048mm (or 1050mm)

Question 5

Temperature- Western Foothills

Answer 5

10.1°C

Question 6

Temperature- Western Slopes

Answer 6

7.2°C

Question 7

Temperature- Mountain Peaks

Answer 7

3°C

Question 8

Temperature- Eastern Slopes

Answer 8

8.9°C

Question 9

Mt Ruapehu Height
(also max height in Mountain Peaks)

Answer 9

2797m

Question 10

Adiabatic Lapse Rate

Answer 10

4°C decrease for every 1000m increase

Question 11

What area has a dry climate due to orographic rainfall?

Answer 11

Leeward Side
Rain shadow Area
Eastern Slopes (eg. Rangipo Desert)

Question 12

What is it called when different vegetation grows at different altitudes?

Answer 12

Altitudinal Zonation

Question 13

Where are scree slopes found?

Answer 13

On the Slopes of Mt Ruapehu

Question 14

Elevation of Western Foothills

Answer 14

600m

Question 15

When was the Ice Age?

Answer 15

20,000 years ago

Question 16

What do glaciers lead to?

Answer 16

Glaciers lead to glacial erosion which produces U-shaped valleys through the processes of plucking and abrasion such as the 5km long Mangatepopo Valley.

Question 17

Water erosion

Answer 17

Fluvial Erosion

Question 18

Wind Erosion

Answer 18

Aeolian Erosion

Question 19

Example of V-shaped Valley

Answer 19

Wairere Valley

Question 20

Vegetation in the Western Foothills

Answer 20

Podocarp Forests and Beech Forests

Question 21

Vegetation on Western Slopes

Answer 21

Mountain Daisy
Inaka
Hebe
Snowberry

Question 22

Vegetation on Mountain Peaks

Answer 22

Moss, Lichen, small alpine plants

Question 23

Vegetation in Eastern Slopes

Answer 23

Tussock (bristle, red)
Matweed (Raoulia)

Question 24

Vegetation after 2000m

Answer 24

None. Only bare rock is found

Question 25

Which mountain formed first?

Answer 25

Mt. Tongariro

Question 26

When did Mt. Ruapehu form?

Answer 26

250,000 years ago

Question 27

When did Mt. Ngauruhoe form?

Answer 27

2,500 years ago

Question 28

What landform features does the interaction between Tectonic Plate Movement and Volcanism produce?

Answer 28

Relief Characteristics: Lava Flows Lahar Mounds Hot Springs Crater Lakes Craters

Question 29

Which plate subducts under the other?

Answer 29

The Pacific Plate subducts under the Indo-Australian Plate

Question 30

How many glaciers are there on Mt. Ruapehu? Name one example

Answer 30

5 glaciers Whakapapa Glacier

Question 31

What does the interaction between relief and climate produce?

Answer 31

Relief characteristics Climate characteristics

Question 32

Diagram for Climate --> Relief

Answer 32

Scree slopes diagram

Question 33

Diagram for Relief --> Climate

Answer 33

Orographic rainfall diagram

Question 34

Diagram for Tectonic plate movement --> Volcanism

Answer 34

Subduction diagram

Question 35

Average height in the western slopes region

Answer 35

1800m

Question 36

When did the subduction occur?

Answer 36

In Gondwanaland, approximately 200 million years ago