211 - Osteoporosis

Question 1

What is bone remodeling?

Answer 1

constantly forms new bone while replacing older bone.

Question 2

OsteoCLASTS

Answer 2

breakdown bone

Question 3

OsteoBLASTS

Answer 3

Rebuilds bone

Question 4

OsteoPENIA

Answer 4

bone loss
- Bone reabsorption accelerates, while bone formation decrease.

Question 5

Bone demineralization

Answer 5

Occurs through loss of calcium and phosphorous salts leading to fragile bones and increase risk for fracture.

Question 6

Primary Osteoporosis

Answer 6

-Postmenopausal women
- Men with Low Testosterone levels

Question 7

Secondary Osteoporosis

Answer 7

prolong use of:
- steroids
-thyroid-reducing medications
-aluminum-containing antacids
- antiseizure medications

Question 8

Most common areas of bone loss?

Answer 8

• Vertebrae in the lumbar spine
  -hip
• Distal radius ( near wrist)

Question 9

At what age dose bone mineral density peaks?

Answer 9

between age of 25-30

Question 10

Calcitonin

Answer 10

hormone that decrease osteoclastic activity.

Question 11

Estrogen

Answer 11

inhabits bone formation

Question 12

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 12

increases osteoclastic activity and bone turnover.

Question 13

Why does postmenopausal osteoporosis occurs?

Answer 13

metabolic disorder or calcium deficit

Question 14

risk factors for Osteoporosis

Answer 14

-Cigarrette smoking
- Early menopause
- Excessive use of alcohol
-Family history
- Female gender
- increasing age
- Decreased calcium intake
- sedentary lifestyle/immobility
- thin, small frame
- white or Asian race

Question 15

clincical manifestations of Osteoprosis

Answer 15

• slient disease
• Dowager’s hump
• loss og height
• back pain
• Pain increase with activity and relieved by rest.
• Restriction of movement (thoracic and lumbar regions)
• fear of falling and/or history of previous falls
• previous fractures
• constipation
• abdominal distention
• reflux esophagitis

Question 16

Diagnostic testing of osteoporosis

Answer 16

• BMD thru DEXA scan
• QCT ( Quantitative CT)

Question 17

Calcium level

Answer 17

• normal 9-11 mg/dL
• Less than 8 mh/dL indicates calcium deficiency.
• Clients with osteoporosis may have levels less than 8 mg/dL

Question 18

Vitmain D level

Answer 18

Normal = 30-50 mg/dL

insuffucuency level is 20-30 mg/dL

Levels above 50 = toxicity.

( Tocicity can cause dehydration, hypercalcemia, kidney damage)

Question 19

What does a QCT ( quantiative CT) measures?

Answer 19

• measures volumetric bone density of spine and hip.
• Used for diagnostic management. ( to confirm diagonsis)

Question 20

BMD thru DEXA scan: Osteoporsis

Answer 20

Gives precise body measurement at specified skeletal points throughout the body.
- Used for screening and diagnosis
- May diagnose osteopenia or osteoporosis

Question 21

medical management

Answer 21

• prevention is the key
• Early screeening
• Weight loss
• Muscle-strengthening exercises
• Healthy lifestyle
• Avoid