2.11. Soft Engineering Strategies Flashcards

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1
Q

What is beach nourishment?

A

Addition of sand or pebbles to an existing beach to make it higher and wider

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2
Q

How much does beach nourishment cost?

A

£300,000 per 100 metres

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3
Q

What are the strengths of beach nourishment?

A
  • looks very natural
  • bigger beaches are good for tourism
  • relatively inexpensive
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4
Q

What are the weaknesses of beach nourishment?

A
  • dredging the seabeds can have impacts on local ecosystems
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5
Q

What is the longevity of beach nourishment?

A

Needs constant replenishment (high maintenance)

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6
Q

What is cliff regrading and drainage?

A

Reducing the angle of the cliff to stabilise the slope
Drainage of water also stabilises the cliff against mass movement

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7
Q

What is the cost of cliff regrading and drainage?

A

Variable costs (cost effective)

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8
Q

What are the weaknesses of cliff regrading and drainage?

A
  • can look unnatural as cliff is unnaturally flatter
  • creates a cliff retreat
  • dried out cliffs can collapse
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9
Q

What is dune stabilisation?

A

Planting trees like marram grass so that the roots bind the dunes. The dunes absorb wave energy and protect the land behind them

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10
Q

What is the cost of dune stabilisation?

A

£200-£2,000 per 100m (cheap)

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11
Q

What are the strengths of dune stabilisation?

A
  • cheap and sustainable
  • creates habitats for wildlife
  • maintains a natural environment
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12
Q

What are the weaknesses of dune stabilisation?

A
  • people walk on the dunes and damage them
  • planting is time consuming and takes time for plant species to become established
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13
Q

What is marsh creation?

A

Land is allowed to be flooded by the sea and then left to become a salt marsh. This absorbs wave energy and also creates a buffer to rising sea levels and protects higher value land.

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14
Q

What is the cost of marsh creation?

A

Variable depending on the size of the are left to the sea

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15
Q

What are the strengths of marsh creation?

A
  • creates important and unique wildlife habitats
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16
Q

What are the weaknesses of marsh creation?

A
  • agricultural land is lost which creates a need for compensation