GU and STIs Flashcards
Causes of Urethritis
C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae (purulent discharge)
Symptoms of Urethritis
burning on urination, urethral discharge, erythema of urethral meatus
Dx of Urethritis
In many STD clinics, DNA probes of urethral samples or urine are used to diagnose. Also can use gram stain of urethral discharge, oil immersion (finding of 4 PMNs per immersion), urinalysis
What do you suspect with urethritis if you see a gram neg diplococci on immersion?
gonococcal urethritis
What is important to note about patients other conditions when they have urethritis?
most have other STDs
Tx of N. gonorrhoeae urethritis?
3rd gen cephalosporin or fluoroquinolone (cefixime, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone)
Tx of NGU
azithromycin or doxycycline
Tx of Urethritis
Use azithro and cipro together to make sure you get that shit
PID
primarily a disease of young sexually active women. Can be the result of urethritis if tx was delayed or it was left untreated.
Cause of PID
spread of cervical microbes to the endometrium, all the goodies in the vagina. Menstration allows the vaginal flora to bypass the endocervical canal(protective barrier), and as a consequence, most causes of PID begin with in 7 days of menstration.
What is the role of the endocervical canal?
prevents vaginal flora from invading the endometrium
What is the primary transmission of community acquired PID?
Sexual transmission
What are the most common agents that cause PID?
N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis
Risk factors of PID
younger, multiple partners, past history of PID
What is used in PID prevention?
condoms and spermicides