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FA 2014 Rapid Review > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Absence Seizures

A

Ethozuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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3
Q

APML (M3)

A

All trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

Alcohol use disorder

A

AA + disulfiram, naltrexone or acaprasote, AA for family members

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6
Q

Anorexia

A

nutrition, psyhotherapy

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7
Q

anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

heparin

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8
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB
lidocaine
mexiletine
tocainide

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9
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12 supplementations (work up with Schilling)

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10
Q

BPH

A

Tamsulosin (alpha 1 blocker, selective for prostate and not blood vessels, aka Flomax)

Finasteride (5alpha reductase inhibitor)

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11
Q

Bipolar disorder

A 
Lithium
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine 
(all mood stabilizers)
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12
Q

Breast cancer in post-menopausal women

A

aromatase inhibitor: anastrozole

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13
Q

Buerger disease

A

smoking cessation

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14
Q

Bulemia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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15
Q

Candida

A

if systemic: Amphotericin B (makes pores in ergosterol)

if oral thrush: nystatin
(same mechanism as Ampho, but v. toxic so can only use topically)

if vaginitis: azoles
(block conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol)

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16
Q

Carcinoid

A

Octreotide

somatostatin analog

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17
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co infection)

Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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18
Q

Chronic gout

A

probenecid
(block uric acid reabsorption in kidney by saturating acid receptors)

Allopurinol or Febuxostat
(block xanthine oxidase)

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19
Q

Chronic Hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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20
Q

CML

A

Imatinib (Gleevec)

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21
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

antitoxin

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22
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

oral metronidazole

vancomycin (if refractory to metronidazole)

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23
Q

C. tetani

A

antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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24
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir (guanosine analog)

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25
Q

Chron’s

A

Corticosteroids
Infliximab (anti-TNF)
methotrexate
azathioprine

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26
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

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27
Q

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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28
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (first line)

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29
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Central: DDAVP (desmopressin)
Nephrogenic: HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride

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30
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

dietary intervention (low sugar) +insulin replacement

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31
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Dietary intervention

oral hypoglycemics and insulin therapy if refractory

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32
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A

Fluids
Insulin
K+

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33
Q

Enterococcus

A

Vanco/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

*one way to remember this is that there are VRE (vanco resistant enterococci, treat with linezolid)

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34
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil, vardenfail

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35
Q

estrogen receptor positive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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36
Q

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

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37
Q

HiB

A

Rifamin (prophylaxis)

*this is the drug that turns your pee red

38
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

Buspirone

39
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

40
Q

Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

protamine sulfate

41
Q

Her2/neu positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

42
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

spironolactone

43
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

statin (first line)

44
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

fibrate

45
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

46
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide (GnRH analog)
GnRH (pulsatile)
clomiphene (SERM)(blocks estrogen neg feedback)

47
Q

Flu

A

Rimantidine (blocks viral uncoating)

Oseltamivir (block neuraminidase/viral release)

48
Q

Legionella pneumophilia

A

Erythromycin

49
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

50
Q

Malaria

A

Cloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont)

Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

51
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

52
Q

medical abortion

A

mifepristone

progesterone receptor blocker

53
Q

Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

5HT 1B/1D agonist

54
Q

MRSA

A

vanomycin

55
Q

MS

A 
Beta-interferon
immunosuppresion
natalizumab (binds to integrins, also used in Crohn's)
56
Q

M. Tuberculosis

A

RIPE

  • Rifampin
  • INH
  • Pyrazinamide
  • Ethambutol
57
Q

N. Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

add Doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia

58
Q

N. Meningitidis

A

Penicillin/Ceftriaxone

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

59
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

60
Q

Osteomalacia/Rickets

A

Vit D supplementation

61
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonates

Ca2+ and Vit D supplementation

62
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin (COX inhibitor)

63
Q

Pheochromocytomas

A

alpha antagonists (ex. phenoxybenzamine)

64
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (bactrim)

prophylaxis in AIDS patients

65
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist)

66
Q

Prostate cancer / uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide

GnRH (continuous)

67
Q

Prostate carcinoma

A

Flutamide

androgen receptor blocker

68
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin (ex. Piperacillin/Tazobactam) + aminoglycoside

69
Q

<p>Pulmonary arterial HTN (idiopathic)</p>

A

<p>Sildenafil<br></br>
<span>Bosentan (antagonist at endothelin-1 receptors) Epoprostenol (PGI2 analog--> vasodilation)</span></p>

70
Q

Rickettsia Ricketsii

A

Doxycycline

Chloramphenicol (associated with aplastic anemia)

71
Q

Ringworm

A

terbinafine
griseofulvin
imidazole

72
Q

Schizophrenia (neg symptoms)

A

5-HT 2A antagonists (2nd gen antipsychotics (aka atypicals): Olanzapine, Clozapine, etc.

73
Q

Schizophrenia (pos symptoms)

A

D2 receptor antagonists

1st and 2nd gen antipsychotics

74
Q

SIADH

A

Demeclocycline
lithium
vasopressin receptor antagonists

75
Q

Sickle cell

A

hydroxyurea (increase fetal Hb)

76
Q

Sporothrix Schenckii

A

Oral potassium iodide

77
Q

Stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

78
Q

Staph Aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaph penicillins)
MRSA: vanco

79
Q

Strep Bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis, evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

80
Q

Strep pneumo

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin for systemic infection/pneumonia

Vancomycin for meningitis

81
Q

Strep pyogenes

A

penicillin prophylaxis

82
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

high dose steroids

83
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

phenytoin
valproic acid
carbamazepine

84
Q

T. Gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

85
Q

T. Pallidum

A

Penicillin

86
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (for patient and partner!)

87
Q

Trigeminal neuraligia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

88
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA
infliximab
colectomy

89
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A 
fresh frozen plasma (acute)
vitamin K (chronic)

FA 2014 Rapid Review (5 decks)

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