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Biology Module 2 > 2.1.2 c) Chemical elements that make up biological molecules > Flashcards

2.1.2 c) Chemical elements that make up biological molecules Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 important chemical elements?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Phosphorus

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2
Q

What elements are used to create a carbohydrate ?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

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3
Q

What elements are used to create a lipid ?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

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4
Q

What elements are used to create a protein?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Sometimes sulfur

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5
Q

What elements are used to create nucleic acids ?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxyegn
Nitrogen
Phosphorus

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6
Q

What is an ion ?

A

An atom with charge

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7
Q

What is a cation?

A

Cations are positvely charged ions

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8
Q

How many important cation are there ?

A

5

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9
Q

What are the important cations ?

A

Calcium ions 2+
Sodium ions
Potassium ions
Hydrogen ions
Ammonium ions

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10
Q

What are calcium ions necessary for ?

A

Nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction

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11
Q

What are sodium ions necessary for ?

A

Nerve impulse transmission and kidney function

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12
Q

What are potassium ions necessary for ?

A

Nerve impulse transmission and stomatal opening

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13
Q

What are hydrogen ions necessary for ?

A

Catalysts if reactions and pH determination

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14
Q

What are ammonium ions necessary for ?

A

Production of nitrate ions by bacteria

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15
Q

What is an anion ?

A

Anions are negative charged ions

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16
Q

How many important anions are there ?

A

5

17
Q

What are the names of the important anions ?

A

Nitrate ions
Hydrogen carbonate ions
Chloride ions
Phosphate ions
Hydroxide ions

17
Q

What are nitrate ions necessary for ?

A

Nitrogen supply to plants for amino acid and protein formation

18
Q

What are hydrogen carbonate ions necessary for ?

A

Maintenance of blood pH

19
Q

What are chloride ions necessary for ?

A

Balance positive charge of sodium and potassium ions in cells

20
Q

What are phosphate ions necessary for ?

A

Cell membrane formation
Nucleic acid and ATP formation
Bone formation

21
Q

What are hydroxide ions necessary for ?

A

Catalysis of reactions
pH determination

22
Q
A

Biology Module 2 (4 decks)

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