2.1.2 Elements And Ions

Question 1

Calcium ions (Ca+)

Answer 1

Involved in muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission

Question 2

Sodium ions (Na+)

Answer 2

Involved in co-transport, reabsorption of water in kidney, regulating water potential and nerve impulse transmission

Question 3

Potassium ions (K+)

Answer 3

Involved in stomatal opening and nerve impulse transmission

Question 4

Hydrogen ions (H+)

Answer 4

Involved in chemiosmosis, regulating pH and translocation

Question 5

Ammonium ions (NH4+)

Answer 5

Involved in nitrogen cycle, where bacteria convert ammonium ions into nitrate ions

Question 6

Nitrate (NO3-)

Answer 6

Mineral ion absorbed by plants to provide a source of nitrogen to make amino acids

Question 7

Hydrogencarbonate (HCO3-)

Answer 7

Involved in the transport of carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 8

Chloride (Cl-)

Answer 8

Involved in the transport of carbon dioxide in the blood as they are part of the chloride shift to balance positive charges

Question 9

Phosphate (PO43-)

Answer 9

Involved in the formation of phospholipids for cell membranes, nucleic acid & ATP formation

Question 10

Hydroxide (OH-)

Answer 10

Involved in the catalysis of reactions and regulating pH