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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13- Blood System > Flashcards

Chapter 13- Blood System Flashcards

1
Q

% of blood that is cells

A

45

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2
Q

% of blood that is plasma

A

55

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3
Q

color

A

chrom/o

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4
Q

clotting

A

coagul/o

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5
Q

blood

A

hem/o ; hemat/o

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6
Q

bone marrow

A

myel/o

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7
Q

varied/ irregular

A

poikil/o

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8
Q

all of the cells are different sizes

A

poikilocytosis

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9
Q

iron

A

sider/o

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10
Q

round, globe

A

spher/o

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11
Q

patient’s RBC are round

A

spherocytosis

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12
Q

clot

A

thromb/o

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13
Q

removal. carrying away

A

-apheresis

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14
Q

immature cell/ precursor

A

-blast

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15
Q

abnormal condition

A

-cytosis

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16
Q

protein

A

-globin ; -globulin

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17
Q

pertaining to the destruction of

A

-lytic

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18
Q

deficiency

A

-penia

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19
Q

attraction for

A

-philia

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20
Q

carrying transmission

A

-phoresis

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21
Q

putting electricity into the cell

A

electrophoresis

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22
Q

protein that stimulates the growth of WBC, given to cancer patients to stimulate WBC

A

CSF (colony stimulating factor)

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23
Q

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

A

electrophoresis

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24
Q

removal of plasma from blood by centrifuge, collected cells are transfused into the donor

A

plasmapheresis

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25
Q

deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

A

anemia

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26
Q

life span of erythrocytes

A

120 days

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27
Q

most common type of anemia

A

iron deficiency

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28
Q

bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements
lack of RBC, WBC, and platelets
excess bleeding, tachycardic, dizzy
pallor
immunosuppression and bone marrow transplant

A

Aplastic anemia

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29
Q

general term of many anemias in which the RBCs have a shortened life
generally feel unwell, jaundice, splenomegaly, hemoglobinuria, reticulocytosis, prostration

A

hemolytic anemia

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30
Q

most hemolysis occurs in the

A

spleen

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31
Q

all cell types are lost

A

pancytopenia

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32
Q

blood group incompatibility between mother and baby

A

hemolytic disease of the newborn

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33
Q

two abnormal RBC membranes

A

hereditary spherocytosis and elliptocytosis

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34
Q

spherical RBC

A

spherocytosis

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35
Q

megoloblastic anemia, lack of intrinsic factor from parietal cells in gastric mucosa. can’t absorb B12, RBC cant mature, irreversible damage to nerves

A

pernicious anemia

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36
Q

pallor, glossitis, anorexia, ataxia, decreased sense of vibration and position, dementia, neuropsychiatric changes

A

pernicious anemia

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37
Q

megaloblastic anemia, deficiency of folic acid

A

folic acid deficiency anemia

38
Q

dietary insufficiency, medications, malabsorption, overall feeling crappy

A

folic acid deficiency anemia

39
Q

hypochromic, microcytic, anisocytosis, caused by underlying condition

A

iron deficiency anemia

40
Q

cells are all different sizes

A

anisocytosis

41
Q

fatigue, tachycardia, pallor, brittle nails, ice pica, smooth tongue, cheilosis

A

iron deficiency anemia

42
Q

abnormal craving for something that isn’t food

A

pica

43
Q

inherited hemoglobinopathy, painful, crescent shaped RBC, recessive

A

sickle cell anemia

44
Q

hypoxia, high altitude, acidosis, infections, dehydration

A

affect sickle cell anemia

45
Q

jaundice, splenomegaly –> hyposplenism, pain, cardiomegaly, priapism,

A

sickle cell anemia

46
Q

group of inherited disorders that effect synthesis of hemoglobin, hypochromic, microcytic RBC

A

thalassemia

47
Q

Thalassemia prone in

A

Mediterranean, Middle east, southeast asia

48
Q

excessive iron deposits throughout body, elevated liver functions, hepatomegaly, bronze hue, diabetes, cardiac failure, treatment by phlebotomy

A

hemachromatosis

49
Q

general increase in RBC, hyperviscosity, phelebotomy or myelotoxic drugs as treatment

A

polycythemia vera

50
Q

increase in RBC

A

erythremia

51
Q

headaches, tinnitus, vertigo, epistaxis, bruising, upper GI bleed,sweating, spleno and hepatomegaly, bone tenderness

A

Polycythemia vera

52
Q

inherited bleeding disorder secondary to clotting factor deficiency, easy bruising, hemorrhages, hemarthrosis

A

hemophilia

53
Q

more common, not as severe as hemophilia, women who have had many miscarriages

A

Von WIllebrand’s disease

54
Q

Christmas Disease

A

Hemophilia B

55
Q

bleeding under the skin, bigger than petichiae, multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

A

purpura

56
Q

large bluish bruise

A

ecchymosis

57
Q

small pinpoint bruises

A

petichiae

58
Q

decrease in platelets after infection, <100,000

A

ITP (idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura)

59
Q

immature blood cells in the bone marrow and peripheral circulation producing neoplastic disorders, “blood cancer”

A

leukemia

60
Q

lymphocytes predominate in leukemia

A

lymphocytic

61
Q

myelocytes predominate in leukemia

A

myelogenous

62
Q

chronic lymphocytic leukemia occurs in

A

older patients

63
Q

acute lymphoplastic leukemia occurs in

A

childhood

64
Q

diagnostic for chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Philadelphia chromosome

65
Q

bleeding, infection, gingival hypertrophy, joint pain, dyspnea, pallor, purpura, petechiae, stamtitis, lymphadenopathy

A

leukemia

66
Q

leukemia treatment

A

bone marrow transplant

67
Q

abnormal increase in granulocytes in blood, related to infectons

A

granulocytosis

68
Q

caused by EBV, transmitted through saliva, long uncubation period,order antibody test, maculopapular rash, splenomegaly, very tired

A

mononucleosis

69
Q

malignant tumor of the bone, malignancy of plasma cells, monoclonal protein in serum or urine, bone/spinal pain, pathologic fracture in 1/3, bleeding of nose and gums,

A

multiple myeloma

70
Q

protein found in bones in multiple myeloma

A

benz jones protein

71
Q

test detects antigen-antibody complexes on RBC membrane in vivo

A

antiglobulin test/ coomb’s test

72
Q

measures the primary phase of hemostasis, checks for platelet function,best single screening test for platelet function

A

bleeding time

73
Q

normal bleeding time

A

<8 minutes

74
Q

time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube

A

coagulation time

75
Q

normal coagulation time

A

<15 minutes

76
Q

sedimentation occurs when the erythrocytes clump or aggregate together in a column like manner

A

rouleaux formation

77
Q

another more expensive, more specific test, measuring sed rate that indicatesd if there’s an inflammation reaction going on

A

CRP (C reactive protein)

78
Q

rate at which erythrocytes settle out of anticoagulated blood in 1 hour

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

79
Q

percentage of RBC that goes hand in hand with hemoglobin, written in percentage

A

hematocrit (Hct)

80
Q

hematocrit measure’s RBCs ___

A

mass

81
Q

main component of erythrocytes, vehicle of transportation for O2 and CO2,

A

hemoglobin

82
Q

very variable, “high swing zone” in this cell measurement

A

platelet count

83
Q

one-stage clotting test screening for coagulation disorders, detects deficiencies of intrinsic thromboplastin system, end stage liver disease, used to monitor heparin

A

platelet thromboplastin time, PTT

84
Q

tests ability of blood to clot, protein produced in the liver for clotting of blood, depends on K,used to evaluate Heparin and Coumadin

A

Prothrombin time

85
Q

determines the total number of RBC in a _____ of blood

A

microliter, cubic millimeter

86
Q

examines different variations, abnormalities, size, shape, structure, Hb content, staining

A

RBC morphology

87
Q

define the size and Hb content of RBC and consist of

A

RBC indicies
mean corpuscular volume
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
mean corpuscular hemoglobin

88
Q

individual cell size is best index for classifying anemias, expresses volume occupied by a single erythrocyte and measure in cubic micrometers,

A

MCV (mean corpuscular volume)

89
Q

measurement of WBC in mm3, useful to severity of disease

A

WBC count

90
Q

increase in one type of leukocyte

A

Leukocytosis . 11,000

91
Q

less than 4000 WBC

A

leukopenia

92
Q

increase in immature cells, significant infection or leukemia,

A

left shift

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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