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Neuro > Neural Regulation > Flashcards

Neural Regulation Flashcards

0
Q

what are the changes in diameter of BVs to maintain a constant blood flow called

A

autoregulation

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1
Q

what is the Monroe-Kellie hypothesis

A

if one thing in the skull expands the other two must compensate

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2
Q

what are 3 things that inferfere with blood flow

A

stroke
hemorrhage
aneurysm

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3
Q

what is the amount of blood flow from systemic circulation required to provide adequate O2 & glucose to the brain

A

cerebral perfusion pressure

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4
Q

how is the CPP calculated

A

MAP-ICP

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5
Q

what is the normal CPP

A

70-100

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6
Q

what CPP level may cause ischemic damage

A

<70

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7
Q

which CPP value indicates irreversible damage

A

<50

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8
Q

what are some early signs of ⬆️ ICP

A

change in LOC
pupil changes
wekness in one extremity/side
constant headache

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9
Q

what are some late symptoms of ⬆️ ICP

A

cushing’s triad

projectile vomiting

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10
Q

what are the 3 components of cushing’s triad

A

bradycardia
bradypnea
hypertension

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11
Q

what causes decerebrate posturing

A

damage to upper brainstem

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12
Q

what causes decorticate posturing

A

damage to one or both spinal tracts

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13
Q

what is different between decerebrate and decorticate posturing

A

decorticate has hands on chest

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14
Q

what are 4 potential complications of ⬆️ ICP

A

infection
SIADH
brainstem herniation
diabetes insipidus

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15
Q

which 2 drugs are anti-inflammatories used to tx cerebral edema, MS

A

solumedrol & dexamethasone

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16
Q

which drug is a long acting glucocorticoid

A

dexamothasone

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17
Q

which drug is an intermediate acting glucocorticoid

A

solumedrol

18
Q

what 3 things may increase as a side effect of dexamethasone

A

blood sugar
body fat
BP

19
Q

what is the most commonly used anticonvulsive

A

dilantin

20
Q

which anticonvulsive can be given IV

A

dilantin

21
Q

which 2 drugs are given for seizures & nerve pain

A

tegretol

neurontin

22
Q

what type of antihypertensive is given for ⬆️ ICP

A

calcium channel blockers

23
Q

which antihypertensive drug may be given for ⬆️ ICP

A

diltiazem

24
Q

which calcium channel blocker may be used for vasospasm in ⬆️ ICP

A

nimodipine

25
Q

which osmotic diuretic is given with ⬆️ ICP

A

mannitol

26
Q

what are 2 loop diuretics that may be used for ⬆️ ICP

A

lasix

bumex

27
Q

what is the localization of a target within a 3D space using a headframe for pt stabilization

A

stereotactic

28
Q

what is the worst type of glioma

A

GBM

29
Q

what is the name of a tumor on the outside of the brain that can be surgically removed

A

meningioma

30
Q

what type of chemo is used for brain tumors

A

carmustine (gliadel wafer)

31
Q

what is a like a portacath for the brain

A

ommaya

32
Q

what is an alternative surgical approach for removing pituitary tumors through the nose

A

transphenoidal hypophysectomy

33
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP - excess release of ADH caused by injury to the hypothalamus

A

SIADH

34
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP that results from manipulation of the posterior gland; not enough ADH is secreted

A

diabetes insipidus

35
Q

what is the treatment for diabetes insipidus

A

vasopressin

36
Q

what are 2 common signs of diabetes insipidus

A

polyuria

polydypsi

37
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP with purulent CSF, headache, nuchal rigidity, fever, and photophobia

A

meningitis

38
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP - unilateral paralysis/numbness of the face

A

bell’s palsy

39
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP caused by inflammation of CN7

A

bell’s palsy

40
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP that causes unilateral intermittent pain of the face

A

trigeminal neuralgia

41
Q

what is a complication of ⬆️ ICP that is caused by CN5

A

trigeminal neuralgia

42
Q

what is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia

A

tegretol

neurontin

43
Q

what is the tx for bell’s palsy

A

steroids

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