Psychology: Branches of Psychology Flashcards
Wilhelm Wundt
father psychology
introspection: describe conscious experiences in a systemic way
psychology
the science of mental processes and behavior
science: experiments
mental processes: thoughts, feelings, emotions
behavior: observable, actions and reactions
Edward Titchener
structuralism
focused on the structure of consciousness; analysis of intensity, clarity, quality
William James
functionalism: how consciousness helps us adapt to our environment
Sigmund Freud
focus on psychoanalysis:
theory on personality that attributes our thoughts and actions to unconscious drives and desires
John Watson
behaviorism: theory that psychology should only study observable behavior, not mental processes
Piaget
child behavior and child thinking processes
Psychodynamic Perspective
how people are affected by unconscious drives and conflicts
humanistic perspective
how healthy people strive to reach their full potential
behavioral perspective
focuses on observable responses and how we lead through a system of rewards, punishment, andobservation
cognitive perspective
how we process information, store it and retrieve it
biological perspective
how physical structures and substances influence underlying given behavior, thought or emotion
social-cultural perspective
how thinking and behavior changes in different situations or as a result of cultural influences
evolutionary perspective
focuses on the principles of natural selection to study the roots of behavior and mental processes
Nature vs. Nature
how genetic influences and pre-disposition influence our psychology versus non-genetic influences such as values, personality,
and interests
