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4th Week > MS + CT > Flashcards

MS + CT Flashcards

1
Q

layers of epidermis from surface to base

A

Californians Love G String Bikinis

  • Corneum (keratin)
  • Lucidum
  • Granulosum
  • Spinosum (spines = desmosomes)
  • Basale
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2
Q

Which junction type is Ca dependent

A

Adherens

- actin + CADherins

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3
Q

What from cell binds to collagen and laminin in BM

A

Integrins

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4
Q

Action of infraspinatus

A

lateral rotation

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5
Q

What does hand look like after Klumpke injury

A

lose all intrinsic hand muscles

  • total claw hand
  • lumbricals normally flex MCP and extend DIP and PIP
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6
Q

fractured surgical neck of humerus

What nerve is injured?

A

axillary

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7
Q

anterior dislocation of humerus

What nerve is injured?

A

axillary

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8
Q

flattened deltoid
loss of abduction at shoulder
loss of sensation over deltoid muscle and lat arm

A

axillary

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9
Q

midshaft fracture of humerus

What nerve is injured?

A

radial

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10
Q

compression from crutches

What nerve is injured?

A

radial

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11
Q

loss of sensation over lateral forearm

What nerve is injured?

A

musculocutaneous

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12
Q

supracondylar fracture of humerus

What nerve is injured?

A

median

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13
Q

Action of lumbricals

A

flexion of MCP

extension of DIP and PIP

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14
Q

Muscles in thenar and hypothenar compartment and actions

A

OAF (oppose, abduct, flex)
Opponens pollicis (digiti minimi)
Abductor pollicis brevis (DM)
Flexor pollicis brevis (DM)

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15
Q

actions of interossei

A

DAB (Dorsal ABduct)

PAD (Palmar ADduct)

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16
Q

What nerve innervates gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal

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17
Q

superior gluteal nerve lesion causes what

A

trendelenburg sign/gait

- lesion is contralateral to side of drop

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18
Q

Actions of Tibial vs peroneal nerves

A

TIP (tibial inverts and plantar flexes)

PED (Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes)

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19
Q

What nerve/artery pair is in axilla/lateral thorax

A

long thoracic

lateral thoracic

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20
Q

What nerve/artery pair is near surgical neck of humerus

A

axillary

posterior circumflex

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21
Q

What nerve/artery pair is near midshaft of humerus

A

radial

deep brachial

22
Q

What nerve/artery pair is near distal humerus/cubital fossa

A

median

brachial

23
Q

What nerve/artery pair is in popliteal fossa

A

tibial

popliteal

24
Q

What nerve/artery pair is posterior to medial malleolus

A

tibial

posterior tibial

25
Q

What band of muscle fiber always stays same length during contraction

A

A band (myosin chain length stays the same)

26
Q

Describe type 1 fibers

A

1 slow red ox

  • slow twitch
  • red
  • lots of oxidative phosphorylation
  • has lots of myoglobin and mitochondria
27
Q

Describe type 2 fibers

A 
fast twitch
white
decreased mitochondria and myoglobin
increased anaerobic glycolysis
- weight training results in hypertrophy of fast-twitch fibers
28
Q

How does smooth muscle contraction work?

A
  • membrane depol activates L-type VG Ca channels
  • increase Ca-calmodulin complex
  • activates myosin-light-chain kinase
29
Q

Achondroplasia whats the defect?

A

FGFR3 –> inhibits chondrocyte proliferation

30
Q

estrogen effect on bone cells

A

inhibits apoptosis in osteoblasts
induces apoptosis in osteoclasts

  • estrogen protective against osteoporosis
31
Q

drugs that cause lupus (5)

A 
Sulfonamides
Hydralazine
Isoniazide
Phenytoin
Procainamide

SHIPP

32
Q

flat lesion <1cm

A

macule

33
Q

flat lesion >1cm

A

patch

34
Q

elevated solid skin lesion < 1cm

A

Papule

35
Q

macule

A

flat <1cm

36
Q

patch

A

flat >1cm

37
Q

papule

A

elevated <1cm

38
Q

Plaque

A

papule >1cm

39
Q

vesicle

A

small fluid containing blister <1cm

40
Q

bulla

A

large fluid-containing blister >1cm

41
Q

pustule

A

vesicle containing pus

42
Q

scale

A

flaking off of stratum corneum

43
Q

hyperkeratosis

A

increased thickness of stratum corneum

44
Q

parakeratosis (with what disease)

A

hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum

-psoriasis

45
Q

spongiosis

A

epidermal accumulation of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces

46
Q

acantholysis

A

separation of epidermal cells

47
Q

acanthosis

A

epidermal hyperplasia

48
Q

actinic keratosis

A

scaly plaque

precursor to Squamous cell carcinoma

49
Q

keratoacanthoma

A

squamous cell carcinoma that grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously

50
Q

what gene associated with melanoma

A

BRAF kinase mutation

4th Week (7 decks)

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