Ch. 6

Question 0

Members of the primate infraorder Anthropodea, which includes monkeys, apes, and humans.

Answer 0

Anthropoids

Question 1

Members of the mammalian order Primates, which include lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans.

Answer 1

Primates

Question 2

The form (shape, size) of anatomical structures; can also refer to the entire organism.

Answer 2

Morphology

Question 3

Having a diet consisting of many food types, such as plant materials, meat, and insects.

Answer 3

Omnivorous

Question 4

Active during the day.

Answer 4

Diurnal

Question 5

The sense of smell.

Answer 5

Olfaction

Question 6

Active during the night.

Answer 6

Nocturnal

Question 7

The condition whereby visual images are, to varying degrees, superimposed. This provides for depth perception, or viewing the external environment in three dimensions. Stereoscopic vision is partly a function of structures in the brain.

Answer 7

Stereoscopic vision

Question 8

Vision characterized by overlapping visual fields provided by forward-facing eyes. Binocular vision is essential to depth perception.

Answer 8

Binocular vision

Question 9

One of the two halves of the cerebrum, which are connected by a dense mass if fibers. (The cerebrum is the large rounded outer portion of the brain.)

Answer 9

Hemisphere

Question 10

The more recently evolved portions of the cortex (outer layer) of the brain that are involved with higher mental functions and composed of areas that integrate incoming information from different sensory organs.

Answer 10

Neocortex

Question 11

Different forms of sensation (e.g., touch, pain, pressure, heat, cold, vision, taste, hearing, and smell).

Answer 11

Sensory modalities

Question 12

Tree living; adapted to life in the trees.

Answer 12

Arboreal

Question 13

An organism’s entire way of life: where it lives, what it eats, how it gets food, how it avoids predators, and so on.

Answer 13

Adaptive niche

Question 14

Numerical device that indicates the number of each type of tooth in each side of the upper and lower jaws.

Answer 14

Dental formula

Question 15

The bumps on the chewing surface of premolars and molars.

Answer 15

Cusps

Question 16

Using all four limbs to support the body during locomotion; the basic mammalian (and primate) form of locomotion.

Answer 16

Quadrupedal

Question 17

Arm swinging, a form of locomotion used by some primates. Brachiation involves hanging from a branch and moving by alternately swinging from one arm to the other.

Answer 17

Brachiation

Question 18

(strep’-sir-in-ee) The primate suborder that includes lemurs and lorises. (Colloquial form: strepsirhine.)

Answer 18

Strepsirhini

Question 19

(hap’-lo-rin-ee) The primate suborder that includes tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans. (Colloquial form: haplorhine.)

Answer 19

Haplorhini

Question 20

(rine-air’-ee-um) The moist, hairless pad at the end of the nose seen in most mammalian species. The rhinarium enhances an animal’s ability to smell.

Answer 20

Rhinarium

Question 21

The taxonomic family that includes all Old World monkeys.

Answer 21

Cercopithecidae

Question 22

Common name for members of the subfamily of Old World monkeys that includes baboons, macaques, and guenons.

Answer 22

Cercopithecines

Question 23

Common name for members of the subfamily of Old World monkeys that includes the African colobus monkeys and Asian langurs.

Answer 23

Colobines

Question 24

Differences in physical characteristics between males and females of the same species. For example, humans are slightly sexually dimorphic for body size, with males being taller, on average, than females of the same population. Sexual dimorphism is very pronounced in many species, such as gorillas.

Answer 24

Sexual dimorphism

Question 25

Members of the primate superfamily (Hominoidea), which includes apes and humans.

Answer 25

Hominoids

Question 26

Pertaining to the protection of all or part of the area occupied by an animal or group of animals. Territorial behaviors range from scent marking to outright attacks on intruders.

Answer 26

Territorial

Question 27

Having a diet composed primarily of fruits.

Answer 27

Frugivorous

Question 28

The group in which animals are born and raised. (Natal pertains to birth.)

Answer 28

Natal group

Question 29

Mental capacity; ability to learn, reason, or comprehend and interpret information, facts, relationships, and meanings; the capacity to solve problems, whether through the application of previously acquired knowledge or through insight.

Answer 29

Intelligence