Chapter 1

Question 0

The method of not giving the specifics of a project to the people participating in a research only study

Answer 0

Blinding

Question 1

Time parameters that are set during a research project

Answer 1

Alternative time sampling

Question 2

A type of research in which a single case is investigated and documented over a period of time

Answer 2

Case study

Question 3

A process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care

Answer 3

Certification

Question 4

Type of research that examines patterns of change, a sequence of events, or trends over time within a certain population of study subjects

Answer 4

Cohort research

Question 5

A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system

Answer 5

Continuous quality improvement (CQI)

Question 6

A type of research in which subjects are manually assigned to a specific person or crew, rather than being randomly assigned; the last-preferred component of research

Answer 6

Convenience sampling

Question 7

A data collection method in which all data at one point in time is collected, essentially serving as a “snapshot” of events and information

Answer 7

Cross-sectional design

Question 8

A research format in which an observation of an event is made, but without attempts to alter or change it

Answer 8

Descriptive

Question 9

A health care system designed to bring immediate on-scene care to those in need along with transport to a definitive medical care facility

Answer 9

Emergency medical services (EMS)

Question 10

A behavior expected by a person or group following a set of rules

Answer 10

Ethical

Question 11

The use of practices that have been proven to be effective in improving patient outcomes

Answer 11

Evidence-based practice

Question 12

A person who follows specific professional attributes that are outlined in this profession

Answer 12

Health care professional

Question 13

A research format that uses a hypothesis to prove one finding from another

Answer 13

Inferential

Question 14

A group or institution that follows a set of requirements for review that were devised by the US Public Health Service

Answer 14

Institutional review board (IBR)

Question 15

The process whereby a state allows qualified people to perform a regulated act

Answer 15

Licensure

Question 16

A form of research in which the existing literature is reviewed, and the researcher analyzes the collection of research to draw a conclusion

Answer 16

Literature review

Question 17

A data collection method in which information is collected at various set time intervals, and not just at one time

Answer 17

Longitudinal design

Question 18

Direction given to an EMS service provider by a physician

Answer 18

Medical control

Question 19

An early title given to an ambulance-style unit

Answer 19

Mobile intensive care unit

Question 20

Medical direction given through a set of protocols,policies, and/or standards

Answer 20

Off-line medical control

Question 21

Medical direction given in real time to an EMS service or provider

Answer 21

Online medical control

Question 22

Outlined measures that may be difficult to obtain in a research project

Answer 22

Parameters

Question 23

The process used by medical magazines, journals, and other publications to ensure quality and validity of an article before publishing it

Answer 23

Peer review

Question 24

A specialized set of knowledge, skills, and expertise

Answer 24

Profession

Question 25

A type of research that gathers info as events occur in real time

Answer 25

Prospective research

Question 26

A treatment plan developed for a specific illness or injury

Answer 26

Protocol

Question 27

A type of descriptive statistic in research that does not use numeric info

Answer 27

Qualitative

Question 28

The responsibility of the medical director to ensure that the appropriate medical standards are met by EMS personnel on each call

Answer 28

Quality control

Question 29

A type of measurement in research that uses a mean, median, and mode

Answer 29

Quantitative

Question 30

The process of granting licensure or certification to a provider from another state or agency

Answer 30

Reciprocity

Question 31

Providing information to an entity that stores it in some form of record book. EMS, records of your education, state or local licensure, and recertification

Answer 31

Registration

Question 32

The specific question that a study aims to answer, and the precise methods in which the data will be gathered

Answer 32

Research agenda

Question 33

A group of agencies working together to study a particular topic

Answer 33

Research consortium

Question 34

The area (clinical, system, or education) that will be impacted by a study

Answer 34

Retrospective research

Question 35

Expected errors that occur in the sampling phase of research

Answer 35

Sampling errors

Question 36

A type of protocol that is a written document signed by the EMS systems medical director that outlines specific directions, permissions, and sometimes prohibitions regarding patient care that is rendered prior to contacting medical control

Answer 36

Standing order

Question 37

A computer-generated list of subjects or groups for research

Answer 37

Systematic sampling

Question 38

The collaboration of prehospital and in-hospital medicine that focuses on optimizing the use of resources and assets of each with a primary goal of reducing the mortality and morbidity of trauma patients

Answer 38

Trauma systems

Question 39

A type of study in which the subjects are advised of all aspects of the study

Answer 39

Unblinded study