21st century

Question 1

is generally characterized based on oral traditions and crude ideology and phraseology.

Answer 1

Pre Colonial Period

Question 2

is described as the battle of wits among participants. In Cebuanon bugtong is known as tigmo, in Bicol it is patotdon, in Ilonggo it is paktakon.

Answer 2

Riddles or Bugtong

Question 3

are the wise sayings that contain a metaphor that aims to teach as a food for thought.

Answer 3

Proverbs or Salawikain

Question 4

are a form of folk lyric which expresses the hopes and aspirations, the people’s lifestyle, as well as their love. These are often repetitive and sonorous, didactic, and naive.

Answer 4

Folk songs

Question 5

which is the lullaby

Answer 5

Hele or oyayi

Question 6

which is Mangyan 7 syllable per line poem that is about human relationships and social entertainment.

Answer 6

Ambahan

Question 7

an Ivatan work songs that depict the livelihood of the people

Answer 7

Kalusan,

Question 8

which is the drinking song of the Cebuanon and Waray.

Answer 8

Tagay

Question 9

a Cebuanon song of lamentation for the dead.

Answer 9

Kanogan,

Question 10

are simply stories of origin for certain places, their names, and their creation.

Answer 10

Folktales

Question 11

which explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, and why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora, or fauna.

Answer 11

Myths

Question 12

which tell the story of the origin of things. For example, The Legend of Maria Makiling.

Answer 12

Legends

Question 13

are stories where animals are the main characters.

Answer 13

Fables

Question 14

that deal with underworld characters such as tiyanak, aswang, kapre and the likes.

Answer 14

fantastic stories

Question 15

which are long-winded poems about a hero and his adventures and misfortunes. This usually tells the story of a male hero who is born with all pleasing qualities and superhuman capabilities.

Answer 15

Epics

Question 16

is the oldest and longest epic of the Hiligaynon Nation (Western Visayas).

Answer 16

Hinilawod

Question 17

which tells the story of the first adventure of Labaw Donggon;

Answer 17

“Pangayaw

Question 18

recounts the hero’s adventure in the underworld;

Answer 18

Tarangban

Question 19

which is about the captivity of Labaw Donggon in the hands of Saragnayan, the lord of darkness.

Answer 19

Bihag

Question 20

narrates the story of how Labaw Donggon’s sons,

Answer 20

“Pagbawi”

Question 21

the first book to be printed in the Philippines during Spanish occupation

Answer 21

DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA

Question 22

entered in Christian faith. Religion played a vital role in the literary pieces produced in this period.

Answer 22

Spanish Period

Question 23

lyrics written by Ladino (synonymous with Mestizo) poets or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism and were used to teach Filipinos the Spanish language

Answer 23

Religious

Question 24

are ones that does not regard religion seriously as a topic or subject in writing; non-religious literature

Answer 24

Secular

Question 25

long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ. The most popular was “Ang Mahal na Pasyon ni Jesus Cristong Panginoon Natin” by Aquino de Belen

Answer 25

Pasyon

Question 26

dramatization of the pasyon that shows the passion and death of Christ

Answer 26

Cenaculo

Question 27

an octosyllabic metrical quatrain, legendary religious narrative form that usually details the lives of saints or the history of a tradition or other socially relevant topic.

Answer 27

Corrido

Question 28

- a Filipino dodecasyllabic poem that tells a colorful tale of chivalry made for singing and chanting.

Answer 28

Awit

Question 29

the blood and thunder melodrama depicting the lives, love, and conflict of Moros and Christians.

Answer 29

Moro-Moro

Question 30

a form of dramatic entertainment or play that uses shadow as its main spectacle in a white sheet

Answer 30

Carillo

Question 31

- the dramatic reenactment of St. Helena’s search for the holy cross. ______means “to excavate”

Answer 31

Tibag

Question 32

native dramas that are connected to Catholic mourning rituals and harvest celebrations

Answer 32

Duplo or Karagatan

Question 33

Spanish-derived musical theatre in which the dramatic action is carried through an alternating combination of song and speech that deal with the elemental passions of human beings

Answer 33

Zarzuela

Question 34

considered to be one of the most significant era of Philippine literary scene. It is characterized by when the seeds of nationalism is planted in the minds of the Filipinos and their love for the country was ablaze.

Answer 34

The Revolutionary and Propagandist period

Question 35

is seen to be reformatory in objective and aims to influence and persuade the people through the use of propaganda

Answer 35

Propaganda literature

Question 36

a more aggressive and violent campaign that demanded complete independence for the country

Answer 36

Revolutionary literature-

Question 37

A native and bilingual daily newspaper founded by M.H. del Pilar that publicly exposed the oppression of friars and maladministration of the Spanish government on the Filipino people.

Answer 37

Diariong Tagalog -

Question 38

An all-Filipino illustrado established organization, led by G.L. Jaena, which sought to represent Filipinos in Spanish courts,

Answer 38

La Solidaridad

Question 39

A J. Rizal written novel that described the Spaniards as a disgrace who provided a lot of hardships in the lives of the Filipino people. This brought awareness to the minds of the Filipinos to talked about the maltreatment of the Spanish government to them that has been long overdue societal issue.

Answer 39

Noli Me Tangere

Question 40

A J. Rizal written novel that is more mature and less hopeful outlook regarding the political and social situation in the Philippines under the Spanish regime. This clearly portrayed the Spanish government’s blatant abuse of power and corruption.

Answer 40

El Filibusterismo

Question 41

An E. Jacinto and katipunero’s newsletter to the Filipino masses that stirred them to yearn for freedom from the Spanish government.

Answer 41

Kalayaan

Question 42

An A. Mabini written pamphlet which contained his proposals and served as a guide for the internal revolution of the people and external revolution of the revolutionary government to adopt a framework of good governance.

Answer 42

True Decalogue

Question 43

An E. Jacinto written work that gives the representation of the true values of the Filipinos represented by light from the false ones of darkness.

Answer 43

Liwanag at Dilim

Question 44

An A. Bonifacio poem that expressed his anger, sorrow, and pain about the cruel governance of the Spanish government in his motherland and countrymen.

Answer 44

Katapusang Hibik ng Pilipinas

Question 45

Post war when the Filipino writers started writing again. Their writings clearly depicted their love of country and their longing for independence. Formal education started in the American occupation. By 1901, public education was institutionalized with English language serving the medium of instruction.

Answer 45

American Period

Question 46

English as a literary vehicle was introduced as the American occupation began in 1898 English came to be used as a medium of instruction in public schools by 1900 The volunteer American forces were the first teachers in English English was used in the primary and intermediate levels by 1908. The University of the Philippines, which is a forerunner of the use of English in higher education was founded

Answer 46

Period of Re-orientation (1898-1910)

Question 47

UP College Folio published the literary write-ups of the first Filipino writers in English by 1919. They were the pioneers in short story writing Filipino writers in English began imitating the American and British style of writing which resulted to their writing being stilted, artificial, unnatural in style, and lacking in vitality and spontaneity

Answer 47

Period of Imitation (1910-1924)

Question 48

Filipino writers in English acquired the mastery of English in writing They were confident and competent in writing about different subjects such as old time favorites of love and youth and even thrived in writing novels and dramas

Answer 48

Period of Self Discovery and Growth (1925-1941)

Question 49

information about current events that can be disseminated in different media such as print and broadcast media

Answer 49

News-

Question 50

is a specific form of writing that is organized around concisely identifying and examining issues, events, or findings that have happened in a physical sense

Answer 50

Report

Question 51

a type of literature based on the interplay of words and rhythm that often employs rhyme and meter.

Answer 51

Poetry

Question 52

literary form of writing for theatre which narrates a story with elements of conflict, tension, and action through dialogues of characters. Essay- short piece of writing, either formal or informal, which expresses the author’s argument about a particular subject.

Answer 52

Play

Question 53

short piece of writing, either formal or informal, which expresses the author’s argument about a particular subject.

Answer 53

Essay

Question 54

is a long fictional narrative which describes author’s intimate experience.

Answer 54

Novel

Question 55

a poetical debate in verse where it is participated by two or more participants who engaged in a debate on a selected subject.

Answer 55

Balagtasan

Question 56

a fictional narrative that is shorter than novel. It has compelling characters, plot, and uses descriptive language to describe the series of events.

Answer 56

Short story

Question 57

Notable Literary Works by Paz Marquez Benitez

Answer 57

Dead Stars (short story)

Question 58

Notable Literary Works by Maximo Kalaw

Answer 58

Filipino Rebel (novel)

Question 59

Notable Literary Works

Answer 59

by Manuel Arguilla

Question 60

Notable Literary Works by Severino Reyes

Answer 60

Walang Sugat (play)

Question 61

Notable Literary Works Liwayway Arceo

Answer 61

Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa (short story)

Question 62

Notable Literary Works Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa (short story)

Answer 62

Footnote to Youth