2.2 Flashcards

Question

Weinberg (1984)

Answer 1

rewards do not inherently undermine intrinsic motivation

Answer 2

the drive or energised state that motivates us to perform, leading to a state of readiness Too high = over aroused

Answer 3

Increase in HR, BF and perspiration

Answer 4

sees the relationship between arousal and performance as linear Hull, later modified by spence and spence Dominant learned response needs to be accurate

Answer 5

how a dominant learned response is intensified. More competition = use of learned behaviour

Answer 6

P = f(H x D) Performance is a function of athletes habit and athletes drive

Answer 7

Drive reduces when athlete loses motivation (completed task)

Answer 8

Athlete thinks they're performing their best and no need to be driven

Answer 9

as arousal increases,so does performance, but only to an optimum level. Past that moderate level, performance declines.

Answer 10

Fine skills:low arousal lvl for optimum performance Gross skills: fairly high

Answer 11

Advanced performers can cope with high arousal lvls Novices require low arousal levels

Answer 12

Extroverts can cope in high arousal levels, introverts in low

Answer 13

as arousal increases, so does our anxiety, and this can cause a dramatic decline in performance increases in levels of cognitive anxiety can improve performance as long as somatic anxiety is low.

Answer 14

optimum performance levels with a particular emotional response

Answer 15

RAS is the central core of the brainstem and maintains our levels of arousal. It can enhance or inhibit incoming sensory stimuli.

Answer 16

extroverts seeks high arousal situations as their RAS lacks stimulating, whereas introverts dislike high arousal situations as their RAS is already stimulated. ( U theory)

Answer 17

Athletes could ignore the feeling, fing it threatening or depend on situation

Answer 18

Measures personality and situational factors related to anxiety. Anxiety doesn't only increase directly before competition but somatic is low.

Answer 19

Ur relaxed, confident, focused, ur activity is effortless, the movements automatic, it's fun and in control

Answer 20

paying attention to the present moment (&relevant cues) instead of stressing over the past or future.

Answer 21

any form of behaviour directed towards the goal of harming or injuring another living being

Answer 22

an act which breaks the rules of the sport and is intended to harm an opponent

Answer 23

desirable and can be defined as “a forceful act which does not break the laws of the sport”

Answer 24

animalistic instinct to display aggression followed through the evolution of the human race. We need to let off steam

Answer 25

when a human becomes frustrated then this will always lead to aggression reinforces and increases the frustration. Drive to a goal ->Obstacle to a goal >Frustration >Aggression> Success> Catharsis or Punishment> frustration > aggression (cycle)

Answer 26

is the release of frustration which leads to a feeling of well-being.

Answer 27

Frustration increases arousal level and then readiness for aggression. For the act to occur a stimuli must b present that triggers them.

Answer 28

we learn by observing and copying the behaviour of others (S/O's)

Answer 29

Control arousal level, avoid situations , remove aggressive player, reinforce non aggressive acts &, role models, punish aggression, peer pressure for non aggression, gv player a responsible position to see the seriousness

Answer 30

the positive influence of others, who may be watching or competing, on sports performance. Spectators = audience Other performers = coactors

Answer 31

the negative influence of others, who may be watching or competing, which leads to a decrease in sports performance.

Answer 32

Presence of audience increases arousal levels> dominant response occurs (expert vs novice)

Answer 33

Type A + Introverts high trait anxiety/shyness=inhibition Type B + Extroverts low trait anxiety/seek arousal=facilitation

Answer 34

Having failed onstage before vs used to it= inhibition vs facilitation Novices vs experts Crowds knowledge / empathy Performing Infront of familiar people

Answer 35

Simple & gross skîlls vs complex & fine skills= facilitation vs inhibition

Answer 36

the presence of others had a calming effect, rather than raising anxiety. arousal levels only increased when the others present were evaluating the performance

Answer 37

Athletes: aware of negative effects of distractions, prepare for coactors or hostile spectators negative reactions Coaches: be calm and focused, reassure the athlete, decrease importance of event.

Answer 38

a collection of people who both share similar goals and interact with one another.

Answer 39

Forming Storming Norming Performing

Answer 40

regards the motivation which attracts individuals to the group and the resistance of those members to the group breaking up.

Answer 41

the total field of forces which act on members to remain in the group

Answer 42

Group integration - how the individual members of the group feel about the group as a whole. Individual attraction to the group - how attracted they are to the group

Answer 43

Actual productivity = Potential productivity- losses due to faulty processes Losses caused by: coordination and motivation problems

Answer 44

The more ppl are on the task the less the individuals performance was

Answer 45

when some individuals in a group lose motivation, apparently caused by the individual losing identity when placed in a group

Answer 46

Attentional focus, persistence on task, raising confidence, control of arousal and anxiety, monitor performance

Answer 47

Specific, measurable, achievable, recorded, time phased

Answer 48

Goals that are targets directed towards and What are they? end result of the

Answer 49

Goals that are directed towards the individuals end performance.

Answer 50

Goals that are used to improve a skill and are often related to technique

2.2 Flashcards

(74 cards)