2.2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Retribution meaning
Paying back through inflicting punishment on an offender for a wrong action, not altering future behaviour
Example of Retribution
- Prison/death penalty
The bigger the crime the bigger the punishment to ensure proportionality
Retribution linked to theory
Functionalists -
Punishing the offender reminds everybody right/wrong due to the consequences they received
Retribution criticism
A remorseful offender is less likely to commit further crimes which show not all good comes from it e.g self-defense
Rehabilitation meaning
Aims of changing offenders’ behaviour to prevent further crime when released
Example of Rehabilitation
Token economy -
Gives awards out for good behaviour which reinforces the correct social norms for when prisoners are released
Rehabilitation linked to theory
Left realists -
Allows opportunities for W.C to get out of poverty which will reduce offending
Rehabilitation criticism
Right realists -
Believe it is only limited success and will go on to re-offend once released
Deterrence meaning/2 different types
General deterrence -
Fear of punishment prevents potential offenders from committing major crimes
Individual deterrence -
Punishment towards offenders to prevent them from committing further crimes
Example of Deterrence
A suspended sentence is linked to individual deterrence as imprisonment will occur if further crimes are committed which is hoped to prevent further offending
Deterrence linked to theory
Right realists -
Assume offenders make the decision to commit crimes therefore must suffer from the outrage of society
Deterrence criticism
Certain offenders deserve another chance to redeem themselves and shouldn’t be punished forever
Public protection meaning
Protecting the public must serve through punishing offenders that are a danger to society
Example of public protection
Through incapacitation, an offender is prevented from having their freedom due to being imprisoned
Public protection linked to theory
Right realists believe incapacitation is a way of protecting the public from crime as it reduces crime rates
Public protection criticism
Incapacitation leads to longer sentences as offenders have little hope of release
Reparation meaning
Allows the offender to make amendments for the wrongdoing they had caused
Example of Reparation
- Financial compensation
- Unpaid work
Reparation linked to theory
Functionalists -
Allows society to function smoothly for the crime they committed
Reparation criticism
May not work for all offences as rape victims may not want to face or forgive their rapist as reparation isn’t enough
