22 Flashcards by Ben Jackson Lee

A female patient develops genital warts after recent sexual contact. What pathogen has she been exposed to? What complication can this pathogen produce if the infection advances?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria; arthritis

Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria; pelvic inflammatory disease

Human papilloma virus (HPV); risk of cervical cancer

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDs)

Human papilloma virus (HPV); risk of cervical cancer

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Why can undescended testes cause infertility?

The testes undergo apoptosis, and can no longer produce sperm.

The testes are exposed to a higher internal body temperature, slowing sperm development.

The testes secrete very little testosterone.

The testes become entangled in the seminiferous tubules, which then degenerate.

The testes are exposed to a higher internal body temperature, slowing sperm development.

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Identify the correct sequence for the steps of meiosis I.

46 chromosomes → 23 chromosomes → 46 chromosomes

Prophase I → metaphase I → anaphase I → telophase I

Interphase → mitosis → meiosis

Telophase I → anaphase I → metaphase I → prophase I

Prophase I → metaphase I → anaphase I → telophase I

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When fertilized, what cell becomes a zygote?

Secondary oocyte

Mature follicle

Primary oocyte

Polar body

Secondary oocyte

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A patient comes into the emergency room with a high fever. Blood testing reveals that their immune system is severely weakened, making them prone to infections. The patient also reports chronic weakness/fatigue. After discussing their problems with a doctor, they admit that they are a drug user and sometimes use dirty needles. The patient most likely has which STI?

Syphilis

Gonorrhea

HIV infection

Chlamydia

HIV infection

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Which of the following is not a male secondary sex characteristic?

Deposition of adipose tissue in the thighs and buttock

Increased growth of body hair

Thickening of the bones

Increased muscular growth

Deposition of adipose tissue in the thighs and buttock

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A positive feedback system regulates testosterone production.

True

False

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One cause of female infertility is failure of ovulation due to hyposecretion of hormones from the_________.

posterior pituitary gland

ovary

adrenal gland

anterior pituitary gland

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What is the function of the epididymis?

Secretion of mucus-like fluid

Secretion of testosterone

Site of sperm maturation

Ejaculation of sperm due to
rhythmic contractions

Site of sperm maturation

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What structure does the sperm enter upon exiting the ductus deferens?

Epididymis

Ejaculatory duct

Seminal vesicles

Rete testis

Ejaculatory duct

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What is the small protrusion on the head of the sperm that contains enzymes called?

Midpiece

Polar body

Tail

Acrosome

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What is the average length of the epididymis if uncoiled?

3 meters

6 meters

1 meter

9 meters

6 meters

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Which of the following is a cause of erectile dysfunction?

Too much sex

Underlying disease, such as diabetes mellitus

Not enough sex

Too much exercise

Underlying disease, such as diabetes mellitus

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The first fluid expelled from the urethra during ejaculation comes from the__________.

testes

seminal vesicles

bulbourethral gland

prostate gland

bulbourethral gland

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How many sperm cells form from a primary spermatocyte?

100

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In the male, which of the following structures is unpaired?

Prostate gland

Ductus deferens

Seminal vesicle

Bulbourethral gland

Prostate gland

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The head of the sperm is primarily composed of_________.

mitochondria

a nucleus

a cell membrane

cytoskeleton

a nucleus

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What is a side effect of oral contraceptives?

Breast tenderness

Amenorrhea

Scarring in the uterus

Loss of bone density

Breast tenderness

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Chromosomes align down the center of a cell undergoing meiosis in metaphase.

True

False

True

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Arrange the following events in the correct sequence:

1. ejaculation
2. emission
3. erection

1, 2, 3

3, 1, 2

2, 3, 1

3, 2, 1

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Why is meiosis necessary?

Otherwise too many mutations will occur.

Otherwise reproduction would have to be asexual.

Otherwise the fertilized ovum will have too much genetic material.

Otherwise the fertilized ovum will have too little genetic material.

Otherwise the fertilized ovum will have too much genetic material

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Immediately following ovulation, the remaining granulosa cells in the ovary enlarge to form an endocrine structure. What is the name of the endocrine structure?

Corpus luteum

Corona radiata

Polar body

Corpus albicans

Corpus luteum

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The broad, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments hold an ovary in position.

True

False

Study These Flashcards

True

Ciliary action aids movement of an egg through an uterine tube.

True

False

Study These Flashcards

True

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder in which a female produces abnormally high levels of androgens (particularly testosterone), which have various adverse effects on the female body. Which of the following describes a symptom that would be caused by high blood androgen levels in a female? Thickened endometrium Excessive breast development (gynecomastia) Rapid, excessive ovulation Abnormal growth of hair on the face and back

Abnormal growth of hair on the face and back

A man chooses to become sterilized via vasectomy. How will this affect interstitial cells? Injury to the ductus deferens signals for interstitial cells to stop nourishing spermatogenic cells. The procedure of a vasectomy only blocks the movement of sperm through the ductus deferens and won’t affect interstitial cells. Interstitial cells lining the ductus deferens stop producing alkaline secretions, killing sperm as they travel through. The vasectomy causes secretions that interrupt testosterone secretion from interstitial cells.

The procedure of a vasectomy only blocks the movement of sperm through the ductus deferens and won’t affect interstitial cells.

Name the secretory structures that produce milk in a lactating female. Lactiferous sinuses Lactiferous ducts Areolar glands Alveolar glands

Alveolar glands

Which of the following is a chemical barrier type of contraceptive? Coitus interruptus Diaphragm Spermicidal cream Intrauterine device

Spermicidal cream

An increase in the level of FSH at approximately day 14 causes ovulation. True False

False

What hormone is responsible for the development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics? GnRH Testosterone FSH LH

Testosterone

Which of the following provides mechanical contraception? The rhythm method The minipill A male condom Combined hormone contraceptives

A male condom

The cells that result from meiosis are diploid. True False

False

What microorganism causes Chlamydia? Virus Fungus Parasite Bacteria

Bacteria

Primary oocyte production begins before birth. True False

True

What do the bulbourethral glands secrete? Sweat A mucus-like fluid Sperm Urine

A mucus-like fluid

"You can't possibly have breast cancer," said Jim to his roommate Eliot, who was distraught after a visit to a doctor. "You're a man!" "No, Jim._______% of breast cancer cases are in men." 1 10 30 5

What structure does the sperm enter upon exiting the epididymis? Seminiferous tubules Rete testis Penile urethra Ductus deferens

Ductus deferens

The number of sperm cells in an ejaculate averages about__________ per milliliter. 10,000 120 million 1 million 10 billion

120 million

What is endometriosis? Growth of tissue in the abdominal cavity that resembles the uterine lining Discontinuation of growth of the uterine lining during reproductive cycles. Diminished menstrual flow Cessation of the uterine and ovarian cycles

Growth of tissue in the abdominal cavity that resembles the uterine lining

When comparing gamete production in males and females, males produce __________ gametes that are __________ in size. fewer; smaller more; larger more; smaller fewer; larger

more; smaller

What stimulates the release of testosterone? Increased plasma concentration of LH Decreased plasma concentration of FSH Decreased plasma concentration of LH Increased plasma concentration of FSH

Increased plasma concentration of LH

The secretions of the prostate gland neutralize the acid in semen. True False

True

A male patient comes into the clinic with his female partner. He complains of a painful burning sensation while urinating. He suspects an STI, but his partner has no symptoms to speak of. Which of the following STIs does he most likely have? AIDs Syphilis Chlamydia Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea

Where do sperm cells mature? In the ejaculatory duct In the epididymis In the seminal vesicle In the ductus deferens

In the epididymis

Endometriosis can result in the formation of fibrous tissue around the ovaries and can prevent ovulation or obstruct the uterine tubes. True False

True

The average prostate gland is the size and shape of a(n)_________. pea horseshoe apple walnut or chestnut

walnut or chestnut

What does the surgical procedure called a circumcision remove? The tunica albuginea The crura The prepuce The glans penis

The prepuce

When does apoptosis occur? From embryonic stage until death Only in adults Only after the age 50 Only when someone has a disease

From embryonic stage until death

What is the amnion? The site from which secondary germ layers develop. The site where an embryo is implanted into the uterus. The inner cell mass that forms the cardiovascular system. The membrane that encircles a developing embryo.

The membrane that encircles a developing embryo.

Implantation usually begins at about the end of the first________ of development. day month week trimester

week

Name the secretory structures that produce milk in a lactating female. Lactiferous ducts Areolar glands Alveolar glands Lactiferous sinuses

Alveolar glands

Describe the composition of semen. It contains 100 mature sperm. It is acidic. It contains secretions from intersitial cells. It includes prostaglandins and nutrients.

It includes prostaglandins and nutrients

The fetal stage of development begins at the end of the eighth week. True False

True

Tamoxifen and raloxifene are treatments for breast cancer. How do these drugs work? By breaking up cancer cell DNA By blocking estrogen receptors By depriving cancer cells of growth factors By activating progesterone receptors

By blocking estrogen receptors

Primary oocyte production begins before birth. True False

True

22 Flashcards

(55 cards)