2.2 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is inertia?
Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion.
How is mass related to inertia?
Mass is a measure of a body’s inertia—the greater the mass, the greater its resistance to changes in motion.
State Newton’s First Law of Motion.
An object will remain at rest or continue moving at constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
What happens to an object if the forces acting on it are balanced?
The object remains at rest or moves at constant velocity.
What is an unbalanced (resultant) force?
A force that is not completely cancelled out by other forces, causing a change in motion.
How does resultant force affect acceleration?
Acceleration is directly proportional to the resultant force and inversely proportional to the object’s mass.
State Newton’s Second Law of Motion.
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force and inversely proportional to its mass.
What is the formula for Newton’s Second Law?
F = ma (Force = mass × acceleration)
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object (kg); weight is the gravitational force acting on it (N).
What is the formula for weight?
Weight (W) = mass (m) × gravitational field strength (g)
What is the approximate weight of a 1 kg object on Earth?
10 N, since g ≈ 10 N/kg on Earth.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy (GPE)?
GPE = m × g × h (mass × gravity × height)
What forces act on an object falling through the air?
Weight (downward) and air resistance (upward).
What happens when an object reaches terminal speed?
Air resistance equals weight, so the object stops accelerating and falls at a constant speed.
State Newton’s Third Law of Motion.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What does Newton’s Third Law imply about forces between two interacting objects?
They exert equal and opposite forces on each other.
