2.2 cellular respiration

Question 1

Define phosphorylation

Answer 1

-an enzyme controlled process by which a phosphate group is added to a molecule

Question 2

State what is glucose broken down to in glycolysis

Answer 2

Pyruvate + 2x ATP (x2)

Question 3

how many ATP molecules are produced in glycolysis

Answer 3

4

Question 4

What is the net gain in glycolysis

Answer 4

2x ATP

Question 5

Where does glycolysis take place

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Question 6

What is pyruvate broken down into in the presence of oxygen

Answer 6

• an acetyl group

- CO2

Question 7

What does acetyl CoA combine with to form citrate

Answer 7

Oxaloacetate

Question 8

State where the citric acid cycle takes place

Answer 8

The matrix

Question 9

What is NAD

Answer 9

A coenzyme that binds with hydrogen ions during respiration to form NADH

Question 10

What is the enzyme that removes hydrogen along with electrons which the NAD carries to the electron transport chain

Answer 10

Dehydrogenase

Question 11

Define fermentation

Answer 11

The breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen

Question 12

What is the product of fermentation in animal cells

Answer 12

Lactate

Question 13

What is the product of fermentation in plant and yeast cells

Answer 13

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 14

What is the product of fermentation in plant and yeast cells

Answer 14

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 15

Where does the electron transport chain take place

Answer 15

The inner membrane of a mitochondria