2.2 - Network Devices

Question 1

Routers

Answer 1

Routes traffic between IP subnets

Forwards based on IP

Question 2

Switches

Answer 2

Helps data travel
-bridging in hardware
-forwards traffic based on IP address

Connects computers on single network

Question 3

Unmanaged switches

Answer 3

Few config options
-plug and play

Fixed config
-no VLANs

Little integration with other devices
-no management protocols

Low cost

Question 4

Managed switches

Answer 4

VLAN support

Traffic prioritization
-Voice = high priority

Redundancy support
-STP (spanning tree protocol)

Port mirroring
-captures packets

External management
-SNMP

Question 5

Access point

Answer 5

Bridges wired/wireless network portions

Extends wired network onto the wireless network

Forwards based on MAC address

Not a wireless router
- Router + access point in single device = wireless router

Question 6

Patch panel

Answer 6

Punch down blocks + RJ45 connectors

Runs from desk made once, then permanently punched down to PP

PP to switch can changed easily
-no special tools
-use existing cables

Question 7

Firewalls

Answer 7

Filters traffic by port #

Encrypts traffic into/out of network

Proxy traffic

Blocks traffic that meets certain criteria

Question 8

PoE

Answer 8

Power over ethernet

power provided on ethernet cable

power provided at the switch

Question 9

PoE switch

Answer 9

Power over ethernet

commonly marked on the switch or interface

Question 10

PoE, PoE+, and PoE++

Answer 10

PoE: IEEE 802.3af-2003
– The original PoE specification
– Now part of the 802.3 standard
– 15.4 watts DC power, 350 mA max current

PoE+: IEEE 802.3at-2009
– Now also part of the 802.3 standard
– 25.5 watts DC power, 600 mA max current

IEEE 802.3bt-2018
– 51 W (Type 3), 600 mA max current
– 71.3 W (Type 4), 960 mA max current
– PoE with 10GBASE-T

Question 11

Hub

Answer 11

Multiport repeater
-traffic in one port is repeated to all ports

Half duplex

Less efficient as network traffic increases

10 megabit/100 megabit

Hard to find

Question 12

Cable modem

Answer 12

Broadband
-transmission across many frequencies
-different traffic types

data on cable network
-DOCSIS

High speed networking

Many services
-data
-voice
-video

Question 13

DSL modem

Answer 13

ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line)
-uses telephone lines

Download speed faster than upload speed
-Approx. 10,000 ft. limitation from central office (CO)
-16 mbit/s upstream
-52 mbit/s downstram
-faster speeds possible if closer to CO

Question 14

ONT

Answer 14

Optical network terminal
-fiber to premises

Connects ISP fiber to copper network
-demarc in data center (demarcation point)

Line of responsibility
-one box side = ISP
-other side = your network

Question 15

NIC

Answer 15

Network interface card
-every device on network has one

Specific to network type
-ethernet
-WAN
-wireless

Often built in motherboard
-or added as expansion card

Many options
-single port
-multiport
-copper
-fiber

Question 16

SDN

Answer 16

Software defined networking

Networking devices have different functional planes of OPS
-data
-control
-management planes

Split functions into separate logical units
-extends functionality + management of single device

infrastructure layer/data plane
-process network frames + packets
-forwarding, trunking, encrypting, NAT

control layer/control plane
-manages actions of data plane
-routing, session, and NAT tables
-dynamic routing protocol updates

application layer/management plane
-config + manage devices
-SSH, browser, API