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Neuroanatomy > CNS > Flashcards

CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Order of parts of the brain

A

Telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon, spinal cord

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2
Q

Forebrain =

A

Prosencephalon

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3
Q

Midbrain =

A

Mesencephalon

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4
Q

Hindbrain =

A

Rhombencephalon

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5
Q

Flexure between met- and myel-

A

Pontine flexure

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6
Q

Bump rostral to telencephalon

A

Olfactory bulb

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7
Q

Marginal layer is

A

White matter

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8
Q

Mantle

A

Grey matter

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9
Q

Dorsal horn

A

Alar plate (sensory)

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10
Q

Ventral horn

A

Basal plate (motor)

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11
Q

Groove between motor and sensory

A

Sulcus limitans

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12
Q

Proprioception is sensed in the

A

Vermis

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13
Q

Balance is sensed in the

A

Flocculus and nodule

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14
Q

Cerebellar peduncles

A

Rostral caudal middle

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15
Q

Holes in 4th ventricle roof plate

A

Lateral foramen of Luschka

Median foramen of Magendie at Obex

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16
Q

Mesencephalon: 4 colliculi
Rostral=
Caudal=

A

Vision

Auditory

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17
Q

Front end of neural tube

A

Lamina terminalis griseum

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18
Q

Telencephalon;

R + L connections

A

Rostral commisure
Corpus callosum
Caudal commisure

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19
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Genu
Body
Splenium

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20
Q

Connect telencephalon and diencephalon

A

Foramen of monro

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21
Q

Rostral telencephalon

A

Frontal lobe - planning and cognition

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22
Q

Caudal telencephalon

A

Occipital lobe - vision

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23
Q

Dorsal telencephalon

A

Parietal lobe - sensory motor

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24
Q

Ventral telencephalon

A

Temporal lobe - hearing balance language

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25
Q

Anencephaly

A

Brain tissue

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26
Q

Between 3rd and 4th ventricle

A

Aqueduct of sylvius

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27
Q

Dorsal root ganglion develops from

A

Neural crest cells

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28
Q

General somatic sense

A

Exteroception

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29
Q

General somatic motor

A

Skeletal muscle

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30
Q

General autonomic sense

A

Enteroception

31
Q

General autonomic motor

A

Smooth/cardiac muscle

32
Q

Special somatic sense

A

Vision, hearing, balance

33
Q

Special autonomic sensory

A

Smell and taste

34
Q

Special autonomic motor

A

Branchial arch muscle - facial expression

35
Q

Separates cerebellum from cerebrum

A

Tentorium cerebelli

36
Q

Separates cerebral hemispheres

A

Falx cerebri

37
Q

Roof of pituitary fossa

A

Diaphragma sellae

38
Q

Artery running around pituitary stalk

A

Circle of willis

39
Q

What feeds circle of Willis?

A
  • paired internal carotid a through jugular foramina

- basilar a through foramen magnum

40
Q

Lateral pallium forms …. In
Reptiles -
Avian -

A

Dorsal ventricular ridge

Wulst

41
Q

What forms the majority of the hemispheres?

A

Dorsal pallium

42
Q

Where is grey matter concentrated?

A

Peripheral layer - cortex

43
Q

Lateral pallium forms

A

Rhinencephalon (olfactory bulbs)

Piriform lobes

44
Q

Medial pallium forms..

A

Limbic system

45
Q

Amygdala

A

Globular at Pes of hippocampus - fear

46
Q

Where is the basal pallium?

A

Deep in hemispheres as basal nuclei

47
Q

Medial margin of internal capsule formed by

A

Caudate nucleus and thalamus

48
Q

Lentiform nucleus divided into

A
  • internal globus pallidus
  • external globus pallidus
  • putamen
49
Q

Where is the claustrum?

A

Lateral to putamen

Basal nucleus or cortex?

50
Q

What is the tectum?

A

Roof of aqueduct in mesencephalon

51
Q

Rhinencephalon

A

Olfactory bulbs

52
Q

What is the Tegmentum?

A

The floor of the aqueduct of sylvius

53
Q

Pyramidal tracts =

A

Corticospinal tracts

54
Q

Paired vertebral arteries travel through which foramen?

A

Transverse foramen

Lateral foramen of atlas

55
Q

Where/how is csf produced?

A

Ventricles (mainly 4th)

By choroid plexi

56
Q

Choroid plexi

A

Specialised capillary networks coated with pia, arachnoid, ependyma

57
Q

Where does csf escape?

A

Cauda equina

Hindbrain foramina of Luschka and Magendie to subarachnoid space

58
Q

Where does csf drain from the subarachnoid space?

A

Venous sinuses via arachnoid villi
Into subarachnoid venules
Lymphatics

59
Q

Layers under cranium

A 
Dura mater
(Subdural space)
Arachnoid mater
(Subarachnoid space)
Pia mater
60
Q

Optic nerve
Arachnoid continuous with …
Dura continuous with …

A

Uvea

Sclera

61
Q

Dura mater forms -

A

Falx cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli
Diaphragma sellae

62
Q

Arteries off circle of Willis

A

Rostral cerebral
Middle cerebral
Caudal cerebral
Rostral cerebellar

63
Q

Which animals do not have internal carotid a?

A

Cats, sheep, adult cattle

64
Q

Cat - main artery to CoW

A

Maxillary - via extracranial rete under eyeball

65
Q

Ruminants - main artery to CoW

A

Maxillary, via intracranial rete

Cattle - vertebral a –> basioccipital rete

66
Q

Veins drain into sinuses…

A

Dorsal cerebral v –> single dorsal saggital sinus –> transverse sinuses
Great cerebral v –> single straight sinus –> transverse sinus
Caudal cerebral v –> dorsal petrosal sinus –> transverse sinus
Cavernous sinus –> ventral petrosal sinus –> transverse sinus

67
Q

Where do sinuses drain from skull?

A

Sigmoid sinus, foramen magnum –> vertebral sinus –> intervertebral veins
Temporal sinus, retroglenoid foramen –> internal maxillary vein

68
Q

Osmolality of csf

A

= plasma
Less K
More Cl and glucose

69
Q

Epidural space

A

Between periosteum + dura
Fat arteries and veins
Larger in spinal cord

70
Q

Dura mater

A

Sclerotome - partly fused to periosteum

Venus sinuses

71
Q

Subdural space

A

Cranial - small space

Spinal - large space, transversed by suspensory denticulate ligaments

72
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

From neural crest cells
Delicate, non vascular, connective
Arachnoid villi/granulations drain into Venus sinuses
Connects to pia by tiny filaments

73
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Csf leaked from ventricular system

Large at cisterna magnum and lumbar cistern

74
Q

Pia mater

A

From neural crest cells
Closely applied to brain, folds into cerebral convolutions
Arteries and veins (no sinuses)

Neuroanatomy (4 decks)

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