2.2.4 Heart Transplant, Artificial Heart And Leaky Valves

Question 1

Reasons for heart transplants (3p)

Answer 1

Hole in heart
Heart failure/infection
Structural defect

Question 2

Scientific arguments for heart transplants (2p)

Answer 2

-Allows heart to pump blood effectively
-Long-term cure if successful

Question 3

Scientific arguments against heart transplants (2p)

Answer 3

-Not enough donors
- Risky operation

Question 4

Social arguments for heart transplants (2p)

Answer 4

Prolongs life
Better quality of life

Question 5

Social arguments against heart transplants (2p)

Answer 5

Expensive
Patient stays in hospital for a long time

Question 6

Scientific arguments for artificial heart (2p)

Answer 6

Supports natural heart
Small chance of rejection

Question 7

Scientific arguments against artificial heart (2p)

Answer 7

Risky operation
Risk of blood clotting

Question 8

Social arguments for artificial heart (2p)

Answer 8

Prolong life
Better quality of life

Question 9

Social arguments against artificial heart (2p)

Answer 9

Extremely expensive
Patients have to spend a long time in the hospital

Question 10

What causes a leaky valve to develop

Answer 10

Withstanding a lot of pressure

Question 11

Problems leaky valves can cause

Answer 11

Breathlessness

Question 12

Treatments for leaky valves (2p)

Answer 12

Mechanical valves
Biological valves

Question 13

Disadvantage of mechanical valves

Answer 13

You have to take Medicine for the rest of your life

Question 14

Disadvantage of Biological valves

Answer 14

Only last 12-15 years

Question 15

Function of natural pacemaker

Answer 15

Correct irregularities in the heart rate

Question 16

What happens if natural pacemaker stops working (2p)

Answer 16

Don’t get enough oxygen
Blood can’t be pumped properly

Question 17

Treatment fornfaulty matural pacemaker

Answer 17

Artificial pacemaker