1.1 Drainage basin

Question 1

Hydrology

Answer 1

Study of water

Question 2

Hydrological cycle

Answer 2

Movement of water between air, land and sea

Question 3

Precipiration

Answer 3

Includes all forms of rainfall, snow, frost, hail and dew.

Question 4

Interception

Answer 4

Precipitation collected and stored by vegetation

Question 5

Overland flow

Answer 5

Water that flows over the land’s surface

Question 6

Infiltration

Answer 6

Water that seeps into the ground

Question 7

Evaporation

Answer 7

Water from the ground or lake that changes into a gas

Question 8

Transpiration

Answer 8

Water loss from vegetation to the atmosphere

Question 9

Evapotranspiration

Answer 9

Combined losses of evaporation and transpiration

Question 10

Drainage basin

Answer 10

Area of the land drained by a river system

Question 11

Interception

Answer 11

Precipitation that is collected and stored by vegetation

Question 12

Throughfall

Answer 12

Water flowing off wet leaves onto the ground

Question 13

Stemflow

Answer 13

Water flowing down the trunks of trees and stems of grasses and shrubs

Question 14

Percolation

Answer 14

Movement of water down into the groundwater zone

Question 15

Throughflow

Answer 15

Water flowing through the soil down to the groundwater zone

Question 16

Baseflow

Answer 16

Movement of water through rock. Slowest form of water movement (Due to it there’s constant water flow even on low rainfall season)

Question 17

Water Table

Answer 17

Upper layer of permanently saturated pore spaces in the groundwater zone

Question 18

Groundwater

Answer 18

Water stored underground in a permeable rock. e.g Chalk.

Question 19

Aquifers

Answer 19

Layers of rock filled with groundwater

Question 20

Recharge

Answer 20

Topping up of groundwater levels following abstraction

Question 21

Open system

Answer 21

It allows the movement of energy and matter across its boundaries

Question 22

Wilting point

Answer 22

Range of moisture content in which permanent wilting of plants occur

Question 23

Percolines

Answer 23

Lines of concentrated water flow between soil horizons