Exam 2 (Part 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Chargaff’s rule states

A

A=T, G=C

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2
Q

T/F: A cell has twice as much DNA in the G2 phase as it has in the G1 phase

A

True

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3
Q

If one trait is always expressed over the other, the hidden trait is said to be

A

recessive

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4
Q

An important tumor-suppressing gene

A

p53

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5
Q

Prior to DNA being identified as the genetic material, which macromolecule was considered to be the most likely canidate by most scienists

A

protein

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6
Q

Where do microtubules of the spindle apparatus originate from during mitosis in both plant and animal cells

A

centrosome

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7
Q

In a diploid organism the cells produced by mitosis would be

A

diploid

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8
Q

What is true for PCR

A

stands for polymerase chain reaction, accomplished using heat-stable DNA polymerase, method for rapid amplification of DNA

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9
Q

Linked genes tend to be inherited both together from the mother or from the father because

A

linked genes are located close together on the same chromosome

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10
Q

T/F: Characters that are due to polygenic inheritance often exhibit a wide variety (continuous distributuion) of possible traits/values

A

True

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11
Q

The genetic makeup of an organism

A

genotype

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12
Q

T/F: An operon consists of a control element, a promoter, a gene, and an enhancer

A

False

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13
Q

Which of the following DNa sequences is most likely to be a restriction site

A

GGCC CCGG

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14
Q

Crossover between non-sister chromatids during meiosis form

A

chiasma

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15
Q

DNA is wrapped around

A

histones

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16
Q

Occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis

A

synapsis of chromosomes

17
Q

Not a level where control of gene expression occurs in eukaryotes

A

initiation of replication

18
Q
Which of the following is not an example of epigenetic phenomena?
Genetic imprinting
Histone acetylation
DNA mutation
DNA mehylation
Gene  Silencing
A

DNA mutation

19
Q

During which phase of the cell cycle are he chromosomes replicaed

A

S

20
Q

Crossing over occurs in which phase of Meiosis

A

Prophase I

21
Q

A cell will become committed to mitosis once it passes what checkpoint

A

G2

22
Q

What is the correct number of autosomal chromosomes for a human gamee

A

22

23
Q

In prokaryotes, Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5’ -> 3’ direction

A

DNA polymerase III

24
Q

In prokaryotes, Which enzyme removes RNA nucleotides from the primer sequence and adds equivalent DNA nucleoides to he 3’ end of Okazaki fragments

A

DNA polymerase I

25
Q

Separation of the two DNA strands during replication is carried out by which enzyme

A

Helicase

26
Q

Which enzyme covalently connects segments of DNA

A

DNA ligase

27
Q

The tryptophan operon might be turned off if

A

cellular levels of tryptophan tRNA are high and tryptophan tRNA is present in he growth media

28
Q

Meiosis produces ____ cells with a ploidy number of ____ n

A

4, 1

29
Q

Which mutation would most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism

A

A single nucleotide inserion downstream of, and close to, the start of a coding sequence

30
Q

The functioning of enhancers is an example of

A

transcriptional control of gene expression

31
Q

An example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression

A

the removal of introns and alternative splicing of exons

32
Q

Small RNAs can interfere with gene expression through

A

gene silencing

33
Q

Cyclin activates what key protein involved in controlling parts of the cell cycle

A

cyclin-dependent kinase

34
Q

What is not rue about cytokinesis in a plant cell

A

a constricting set of actin filaments creates a cleavage furrow

35
Q

T/F:Proteosomes degrade proeins

A

True

36
Q

Number of gametes produced after a single germ cell undergoes meiosis

A

4

37
Q

What is a TATA box

A

a promoter sequence commonly found in eukaryotes