Sauerland: Pre-lab 1

Question 1

The skull can be divided into 2 parts. What are they?

Answer 1

the cranium - lodges and protects the brain

skeleton of the face or facial bones

Question 2

Which Le Fort fractures are partial? Which is complete?

Answer 2

partial: 1 and 2
complete: 3

Question 3

Horizontal fractures
of the maxilla, passing superior to the
maxillary alveolar process (i.e., sup-
erior to the roots of the upper teeth),
crossing the bony nasal septum and
sometimes the pterygoid plates of the
sphenoid bone

Answer 3

Le Fort I fractures

Question 4

Passes from the posterolateral parts
of the maxillary sinuses and then
superomedially through infraorbital
structures, the lacrimal bones,
the ethmoid bone, and up to the bridge
of the nose. As a result, the entire
pyramidal-shaped central part of the
face, including the hard palate and the
maxillary alveolar processes, is 
separated from the rest of the cranium

Answer 4

Le Fort II fracture

Question 5

This is a severe horizontal fracture that
passes through the superior parts of 
orbit and the ethmoid and nasal bones.
It extends laterally through the greater
wings of the sphenoid bone and the
frontozygomatic sutures. Often, the
zygomatic bones and the zygomatic
arches are also fractured.

This is a complete cranio-facial
dysjunction

Answer 5

Le Fort III fracture

Question 6

T/F: Craniofacial dysjunction in Le Fort III fractures distort facial symmetry.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/F: During passage of the baby through the birth canal, the pliable and soft bones change their shape and may override each other.
Within a few days of birth, the shape of the calvaria returns to normal

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the most common place where edema and bleeding can occur during the passage of the baby? **this occurs beneath the skin

Answer 8

caput succedaneum

Question 9

Bleeding can also occur beneath the galea. What is this called?

Answer 9

subgaleal hemorrhage

Question 10

If bleeding occurs beneath the periosteum, what is this called?

Answer 10

cephalhematoma

Question 11

T/F: Ping-pong fractures may occur in newborns, but usually regress within a few days.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is parotitis?

Answer 12

infection of the parotid gland leading to inflammation

**due to obstruction or ascending infection

Question 13

In which gland is malignancy the most frequent?

Answer 13

parotid gland

Question 14

What is this?
Hard and fast growing, intense pain due to pressure on sensory nerves, infiltration and destruction of neighboring structures

Answer 14

malignant tumors of parotid gland

Question 15

What bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?

Answer 15

zygomatic bone

temporal bone

Question 16

Where does the lateral palpebral ligament attach?

Where does the medial palpebral ligament attach?

Answer 16

to the zygomatic bone

to the frontal process of the maxilla **a bit to the nasal bone

Question 17

Palpebral fissures are normally (blank)

Answer 17

horizontally aligned

Question 18

When you dislocate the zygomatic bone (i.e. punched in the eye), what happens to the lateral canthal ligament?

Answer 18

it is displaced downward and will cause the eye to appear drooped

Question 19

What happens when the medial canthal ligaments detach?

Answer 19

telecanthus (widening of intercanthal distance **distance between pupils will be wider)
almond-shaped palpebral fissures

Question 20

What passes through the mandibular foramen?

Answer 20

inferior alveolar nerve (V3)

inferior alveolar artery

Question 21

The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of what nerve?
What foramen does it pass through?
What ligament forms this foramen?
What does this nerve innervate?

Answer 21

V3
mandibular foramen
sphenomandibular ligament
the lower jaw, teeth, chin

Question 22

Maxillary artery gives off the (blank) artery, which ultimately gives of the (blank) branch to the chin!

Answer 22

inferior alveolar; mental

Question 23

What are the 3 main sties of fracture to the mandible?

Answer 23

neck
angle
body

Question 24

What muscle attaches to the coronoid process of the mandible?

Answer 24

the temporalis muscle