2.3

Question 1

Monomer

Answer 1

small chemical unit that makes up a polymer.

Example: Glucose is a monomer of starch.

Question 2

Polymer

Answer 2

molecule composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules.

Example: Protein is a polymer made up of amino acids.

Question 3

Carbohydrate

Answer 3

compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; types of nutrients that are the major source of energy to the body.

Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, and fibers.

Question 4

Lipid

Answer 4

Macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes.

Lipids are essential for energy storage and cell membrane structure.

Question 5

Nucleotide

Answer 5

subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA.

Question 6

Nucleic Acid

Answer 6

macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus.

Examples of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA.

Question 7

Protein

Answer 7

Macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair.

Proteins are crucial for enzyme function and muscle development.

Question 8

Amino Acid

Answer 8

compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end.

There are 20 different amino acids that combine to form proteins.