23. Digestive system Flashcards
(31 cards)
hepatic portal
肝门
alimentary canal (aliment-: to nourish)
Also called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or gut, a one-way tube 消化道
mucosa
a mucous membrane on the wall of the alimentary canal 粘膜
submucosal plexus (plexus of Meissner)
The neurons lie in the submucosal layer and is responsible for regulating digestive secretions and reacting to the presence of food. 粘膜下神经丛
myenteric plexus (plexus of Auerbach)
The neurons lie in the muscularis layer of the alimentary canal and is responsible for motility, especially the rhythm and force of the contractions of the muscularis. 肌间神经丛
peritoneum
a broad serous membranous sac, hold in place the digestive organs 腹膜
parietal peritoneum
lines the abdominal wall 壁层腹膜
visceral peritoneum
envelopes the abdominal organs 内脏腹膜
peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum 腹膜炎
osmoreceptor
渗透压感受器
oral cavity (buccal cavity)
颊腔
labia (singular = labium)
lips, at the entrance to the mouth
buccinator
颊肌
oral vestibule
on the outside by the cheeks and lips 口腔前庭
parotid gland
lie between the skin and the masseter muscle, near the ears secrete saliva into the mouth 腮腺
masseter muscle
咬肌
submandibular gland
in the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva into the mouth 颌下腺
sublingual gland
lie below the tongue, use the lesser sublingual ducts to secrete saliva into the oral cavity. 舌下腺
gingiva
gum 牙龈
pharynx (throat)
is involved in both digestion and respiration. It receives food and air from the mouth, and air from the nasal cavities. When food enters the pharynx, involuntary muscle contractions close off the air passageways 咽.
laryngopharynx
used for both breathing and digestion 喉咽
oropharynx
used for both breathing and digestion 口咽
nasopharynx
is involved only in breathing and speech 鼻咽部
deglutition
another word for swallowing—the movement of food from the mouth to the stomach. 吞咽
