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2.3 - Energy & Waste > 2.3 Energy and Waste > Flashcards

2.3 Energy and Waste Flashcards

1
Q

The amount of energy in food is measured in

A

Calories

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2
Q

The amount of energy it takes to raise the temprature of 1 kg of water by 1*C

A

Calorie

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3
Q

Releases the enegy from the processed food

A

Your digestive system

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4
Q

The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive

A

Nutrients

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5
Q

5 examples of Nutrients

A

Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals

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6
Q

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use

A

Digestion

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7
Q

The 4 steps of digestion

A

ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination

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8
Q

When you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tongue

A

Mechanical Digestion

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9
Q

Break down pieces of food into small molecules

A

Chemical Digestion

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10
Q

When you put food, such as bread, in your mouth

A

Ingestion

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11
Q

An ezyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates

A

Saliva

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12
Q

A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

A

Esophagus

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13
Q

Food moves through the esoohagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions

A

Peristalsis

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14
Q

A large, hollow organ that stores food

A

Stomach

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15
Q

An adult stomach can hold about _____ of food and liquid

A

2 Liters

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16
Q

Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food

A

The folds on the inner walls

17
Q

The cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down _____.

A

Proteins

18
Q

This stomach fluid makes the stomach acid

A

Gastric Acid

19
Q

An ezyme that helps break down the proteins in foods into amino acids

A

Pepsin

20
Q

A long tube that is connected to the stomach. It is about 7 m (23 ft) long.

A

Small intestine

21
Q

Fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small intestine

A

Villi

22
Q

Nutrients enter the blood through blood vessels in this digestive organ

A

Small intestine

23
Q

laAlso known as the colon

A

Large intestine

24
Q

Is about 1.5 m (5 ft) long. It has a larger diameter (about 5 cm or 2 in) than the small intestine

A

Large intestine

25
Q

Where water is absorbed, leaving behind semisolid waste

A

Large intestine

26
Q

The last section of the large intestine, about 8 inches long

A

Rectum

27
Q

The final opening or “exit door” of the digestive system

A

Anus

28
Q

The semisolid waste that is ready to leave the digestive system

A

Feces

29
Q

Removes liquid waste from the body

A

Urinary System

30
Q

Beanshaped organs that filter, or remove, waste from blood

A

Kidneys

31
Q

Ureters from the kidneys deliver liquid waste to this organ that is like a water balloon

A

Bladder

32
Q

Liquid waste leaves the body from this small tube that is connected to the

A

Uretra

2.3 - Energy & Waste (2 decks)

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