2.3 - Energy & Waste Flashcards
(36 cards)
When you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
INGESTION
Where mechanical and chemical digestion begins.
INGESTION
Your teeth and tongue mechanically digest food as you chew.
Mechanical Digestion
Makes saliva that breaks down food.
Salivay Glands
The amount of energy in food is measured in calories
Calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 C
Calorie
Releases the engery from the processed food.
Your digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive
Nutrients
5 examples of nutrients
Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
the mechanical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.
digestion.
The 4 steps of digestion.
ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.
when you chew, mash, and grind food with your teeth and tougue.
Mechinical digestion
break down pieces of food into small molcules
chemical digestion
when you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
ingestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates.
Saliva
a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
esophagus
Food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
Peristalsis
a large, hollow organ that stores food.
stomach
adult stomach can hold about ___________________ of food and liquid.
2 liters
Enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.
the folds on the inner walls
the cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down ___________________.
Proteins
This stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic
Gastric juice
an enzyme that helps break down the proteins in foods into amino acids.
Pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach. it is about 7 m (23ft) long.
Small intestine
