2.3 Weather and Climate

Question 1

Identify the earths 4 spheres

Answer 1

Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere

Question 2

What is the Hydrosphere with examples

Answer 2

All water on earth. Eg: Oceans, lakes, glaciers, snow. About 97% of Earth’s water is salt (ocean) % fresh (frozen). only 1% is liquid fresh water found below lithosphere

Question 3

What is the Biosphere examples

Answer 3

Region of the earth where all life exists. Consist of all ecosystems. Biosphere extension o all other spheres as living things are found in air, water and soil. Eg, Giraffe, pig, bandicoot.

Question 4

What is the lithosphere examples

Answer 4

Earths solid crust and cool part of mantle below. Includes all rocks, sand, minerals and soil on earth including mountains and ocean floor.

Question 5

What is the atmosphere examples

Answer 5

All gases surrounding the earth. Extends 100km above the lithosphere. Composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide. Essential for life because it reflects and absorbs radiation from the sun and regulates temp and weather.

Question 6

What are sustainable ecosystems

Answer 6

Ecosystems that are diverse, self renewing and provide for the needs of the organisms that live there. Earths spheres interact through recycling of natural resources. This enables natural ecoystems to be sustainable.

Question 7

List everything that happens in the water cycle

Answer 7

Condensation into clouds, precipitation through rainfall, surface runoff, groundwater, evaporation from lakes and oceans, transpiration from plants.<img></img>

Question 8

Explain the carbon cycle

Answer 8

Essential for life on earth. Carbon is found in all living things even dead bodies and waste, Also found in atmosphere CO2 gases. Carbon is recycled through soil, living things and atmosphere.

Question 9

What are the two processes involved in the carbon cycle

Answer 9

Photosynthesis and Respiration

Question 10

Explain Photosynthesis

Answer 10

Carbon Dioxide + Water —> (energy from light)glucose + Oxygen
6CO2+6H2O–>C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 11

Explain Respiration

Answer 11

Oxygen + Glucose –>(energy release) carbon dioxide + water
6O2 + C6H12O6 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 12

What are fossils

Answer 12

EVidence of former life. Contain carbon of plants and animals that died and were preserved millions of years ago. Coal and Oil examples of fossil fuels.