CNS Stimulants-Pechnick Flashcards

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1
Q

Which drugs are Methylxanthines?

A
  1. Caffeine
  2. Theophylline
  3. Theobromine
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2
Q

Caffeine

A
  • Antagonist at adenosine receptors
  • Produces CNS and sympathetic system stimulation
  • Quinolone type antibiotics can inhibit metabolism
  • Caffeine can inhibit the metabolism of clozapine, olanzapine and fluvoxamine
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3
Q

Which drugs are psychomotor stimulants (aka sympathomimetics)?

A
  1. Amphetamine
  2. Dextroamphetamine
  3. Methamphetamine
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4
Q

What are some pharmacologic effects of psychomotor stimulants?

A
  • MOA is indirect (increases release and blocks reuptake of NE, DA and 5HT)
  • Most CNS effects are produced by increasing release of dopamine
  • Peripheral SE due to NE
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5
Q

What are some clinical uses of psychomotor stimulants?

A
  • ADHD and narcolepsy

- Not effective for long-term weight loss

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6
Q

What are some SE of psychomotor stimulants?

A
  • Chronic use can lead to paranoid psychosis

- CNS and CV effects

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7
Q

Which drugs can increase the effects of amphetamine?

A

MAOIs and tricyclic antidepressants

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8
Q

Methylphenidate

A
  • Blocks DA reuptake
  • Fewer peripheral and CV SEs than amphetamine
  • BBW: chronic, abusive use can lead to tolerance, dependence and psychosis; don’t give to ppl w/hx of drug abuse
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9
Q

Pemoline

A
  • Blocks DA reuptake

- BBW: associated w/life-threatening hepatic failure and NOT considered first line therapy for ADHD

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10
Q

Cocaine

A
  • Indirect MOA (blocks reuptake of NE, DA and 5HT; blocks Na channels)
  • Only use is local anesthetic
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11
Q

What is a problem with caffeine use that goes frequently unnoticed?

A

Withdrawal! HAs, crankiness, etc.

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